tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3334377008245421402024-03-06T12:59:51.537-07:00ACP Vision & ActionACP's Vision provides the focus point for people who act from awareness on issues of accountability and community.
Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.comBlogger361125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-27243898987916182642018-11-01T10:36:00.004-07:002018-11-01T10:36:46.966-07:00Climate change: Oceans 'soaking up more heat than estimated'<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-46046067">BBC, Science & Environment </a></span><br />
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<span class="byline__name" style="border: 0px; display: inline-block; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.28571; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">By Matt McGrath</span></span><span class="byline__title" style="border: 0px; color: #5a5a5a; display: block; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.28571; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Environment correspondent</span></span><span class="byline__title" style="border: 0px; color: #5a5a5a; display: block; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.28571; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span><span class="byline__title" style="border: 0px; color: #5a5a5a; display: block; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.28571; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 0.8125rem; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit;">1 November 2018</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSgkiTpojRxZUPg6YVvOO1Vtvq9ikX8uT9lLrUK6o8VS4tjtZ4yqQZbw3H5grKSTW8QwyMhu5Nej05CwLf19ka3tJXeYxRLfFlZKyfL2ZM1-aWybNoNeF-2CezO9PUeXjAyCKe7IXehwk/s1600/_104119275_gettyimages-513750122.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="660" height="359" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSgkiTpojRxZUPg6YVvOO1Vtvq9ikX8uT9lLrUK6o8VS4tjtZ4yqQZbw3H5grKSTW8QwyMhu5Nej05CwLf19ka3tJXeYxRLfFlZKyfL2ZM1-aWybNoNeF-2CezO9PUeXjAyCKe7IXehwk/s640/_104119275_gettyimages-513750122.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The new study says the oceans have absorbed far more heat than previously thought - Getty Images</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The world has seriously underestimated the amount of heat soaked up by our oceans over the past 25 years, researchers say.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: inherit; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1rem; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit;">Their study suggests that the </span><a class="story-body__link-external" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0651-8" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">seas have absorbed 60% more than previously thought</a><span style="color: inherit; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 1rem; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit;">.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">They say it means the Earth is more sensitive to fossil fuel emissions than estimated.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This could make it much more difficult to keep global warming within safe levels this century.</span></div>
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<li class="story-body__list-item" style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; list-style: square outside; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="story-body__link" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-24021772" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #222222; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">What is climate change?</span></a></li>
<li class="story-body__list-item" style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; list-style: square outside; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="story-body__link" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-45775309" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #222222; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Final call to halt 'climate catastrophe'</span></a></li>
<li class="story-body__list-item" style="border: 0px; color: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; list-style: square outside; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #1167a8; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; outline: -webkit-focus-ring-color auto 5px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><a class="story-body__link" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-45084144" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.3); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #1167a8; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; outline: -webkit-focus-ring-color auto 5px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Risk of 'Hothouse Earth' despite CO2 cuts</a></span></li>
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<span style="color: #404040;"><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-46046067">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-13036913522062857652018-09-21T11:16:00.000-07:002018-09-21T11:16:42.209-07:00PBF TOSCO CONNECTION<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
By Dave Lincoln<br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;">EXXON - PBF - TOSCO CONNECTION</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-large;"> The long and twisted history of how Exxon </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-large;"> and other refiners unload their worst assets.</span><br />
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From: <a href="http://www.pbfenergy.com/board-of-directors">PBF Energy</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA_LlABGyoR0tifeI_Fsi1g8DL8jO5uj7aYC83b5vWGR6NojIQxDNd1F5-2BvlVAfzGTjCYH2NBXz5qGKWLekGa3MFgDCpRAMIhhGo3CThoZ1zuUPORC2iAfXC5Ttvueu0MAF4FeZao-0/s1600/O%2527Malley%252C+Thomas+D.+CEO.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA_LlABGyoR0tifeI_Fsi1g8DL8jO5uj7aYC83b5vWGR6NojIQxDNd1F5-2BvlVAfzGTjCYH2NBXz5qGKWLekGa3MFgDCpRAMIhhGo3CThoZ1zuUPORC2iAfXC5Ttvueu0MAF4FeZao-0/s1600/O%2527Malley%252C+Thomas+D.+CEO.jpg" /></a></div>
<b>Thomas D. O'Malley</b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Thomas D. O’Malley has served as Executive <span style="background-color: yellow;">Chairman of the Board of Directors of PBF Energy since its formation in November 2011, served as Executive Chairman of PBF LLC and its predecessors from March 2008 to February 2013 and was our Chief Executive Officer from inception until June 2010.</span> Mr. O’Malley has more than 30 years experience in the refining industry. He served as <span style="background-color: lime;">Chairman of the Board of Petroplus Holdings A.G., listed on the Swiss Exchange, from May 2006 until February 2011,</span> and was Chief Executive Officer from May 2006 until September 2007. <span style="background-color: cyan;">Mr. O’Malley was Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Premcor</span>, a domestic oil refiner and Fortune 250 company listed on the NYSE, from </span><span style="background-color: cyan; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">February 2002 until December 2004,</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: purple;"><span style="color: white;"> and continued as Chairman until its sale to Valero in August 2005.</span></span> Before joining Premcor, <span style="background-color: magenta;">Mr. O’Malley was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Tosco Corporation. </span>This Fortune 100 company, listed on the NYSE, was the largest independent oil refiner and marketer of oil products in the United States, with annualized revenues of approximately $25.0 billion when it [TOSCO] <span style="background-color: purple;"><span style="color: white;">was sold to Philips Petroleum Company in September 2001.</span></span> Mr. O’Malley’s extensive experience in and knowledge of the refining industry, as well as his proven leadership skills and management experience provides the board with valuable leadership, and for these reasons we believe Mr. O’Malley is qualified to serve as Chairman of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>COLOR CODE</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: lime;">PETROPLUS</span> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">TOSCO</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: cyan; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> CONOCO</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PHILLIPS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: magenta;">PREMCOR</span> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">EXXONMOBIL</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: red;">VALERO</span> </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIJtyFNM3Cat5epGvD9enNqD3XETFAgv-Nm6QdvQptSILLRZ4nwKD06VbwVMRFvqYphNereK-RaTcsSrxN2i_KogPl4yMrbBJ4AJ9f2eN1CYCKkBUNfBMGG6lfMelRnTjnd3QSpvb0m7Q/s1600/Nimbley%252C+Thomas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIJtyFNM3Cat5epGvD9enNqD3XETFAgv-Nm6QdvQptSILLRZ4nwKD06VbwVMRFvqYphNereK-RaTcsSrxN2i_KogPl4yMrbBJ4AJ9f2eN1CYCKkBUNfBMGG6lfMelRnTjnd3QSpvb0m7Q/s1600/Nimbley%252C+Thomas.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Thomas Nimbley</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Nimbley has served as <span style="background-color: yellow;">PBF's Chief Executive Officer since June of 2010</span> and was appointed to the board of directors in October of 2014. Prior thereto, he served as a Principal for Nimbley Consultants LLC from June 2005 to March 2010, where he provided consulting services and assisted on the acquisition of two refineries. He previously served as <span style="background-color: purple;"><span style="color: white;">Senior Vice President and Head of Refining for Phillips Petroleum Company</span></span> and subsequently <span style="background-color: purple;"><span style="color: white;">Senior Vice President and head of Refining for ConocoPhillips' domestic refining system (13 locations)</span></span> following the merger of Phillips and Conoco. <span style="background-color: magenta;">Before joining Phillips at the time of its acquisition of Tosco in September 2001, Mr. Nimbley served in various positions with Tosco Corporation and its subsidiaries starting in April 1993.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhbKPwamMUb2YEuVtisycDpmFUJIYwwQEh3a_-_cvfQc3mCLiPbWewcJmaLV0ghgjGW2ZR4y3fhzK6emaV1zzIeBPZs19uzGFb6mQLhwhOATw8rNPcz1ixhX9gUZBfVJE-ouux3NEW4Us/s1600/Abraham%252C+Spencer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhbKPwamMUb2YEuVtisycDpmFUJIYwwQEh3a_-_cvfQc3mCLiPbWewcJmaLV0ghgjGW2ZR4y3fhzK6emaV1zzIeBPZs19uzGFb6mQLhwhOATw8rNPcz1ixhX9gUZBfVJE-ouux3NEW4Us/s1600/Abraham%252C+Spencer.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Spencer Abraham</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Spencer Abraham has served as a <span style="background-color: yellow;">director of PBF Energy since October 2012.</span> Mr. Abraham is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the international strategic consulting firm The Abraham Group, which he founded in 2005. Prior to starting The Abraham Group, Mr. Abraham served as Secretary of Energy under President George W. Bush from 2001 through January 2005 and was a U.S. Senator for the State of Michigan from 1995 to 2001. Prior to serving as a U.S. Senator, Mr. Abraham held various other public and private sector positions in the public policy arena. Mr. Abraham serves as a director of Occidental Petroleum Corporation and GenOn Energy, Inc. and as Chairman of the Advisory Board of Lynx Global Realty Asset Fund Onshore LLC. He was previously a director of ICx Technologies and non-executive Chairman of Areva Inc. Mr. Abraham also serves on the boards or advisory committees of several private companies, including Deepwater Wind, LLC, Green Rock Energy, Sindicatum Sustainable Resources and C3. Mr. Abraham’s extensive political and financial experience in the energy sector, including as the Secretary of Energy of the United States, as a U.S. Senator and as a board member of various public companies in the oil and gas sector, provides him with unique and valuable insights into the industry in which we operate and the markets that we serve, and for these reasons we believe that Mr. Abraham is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Jefferson F. Allen</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jefferson F. Allen has served as a <span style="background-color: yellow;">director of PBF Energy since its formation in November 2011 and has been a director of the Board of Directors of PBF LLC since March 2011.</span> Mr. Allen serves as chairman of our audit committee for PBF. Mr. Allen has over 35 years experience in the oil industry. Before his retirement in 2005, Mr. Allen most recently served as the <span style="background-color: cyan;">Chief Executive Officer of Premcor at the time of its sale to Valero in 2005.</span> In addition, <span style="background-color: cyan;">from 2002 until 2005 Mr. Allen served on Premcor’s Board of Directors and from 2002 until 2004 was Chairman of its Audit Committee. </span><span style="background-color: white;">Prior to his service with Premcor, Mr. Allen was the </span><span style="background-color: magenta;">Chief Financial Officer and a director of Tosco Corporation from 1990, and served as its President from 1995,</span> until its merger with Phillips Petroleum Company in September 2001. Before joining Tosco, his previous energy industry experience was in the international exploration and production business for 14 years. Mr. Allen’s industry specific experience as a financial expert and board member of a public company, provides our board with a unique perspective and insight, and for these reason we believe Mr. Allen is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<b style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Wayne A. Budd</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Wayne A. Budd has over 40 years of legal experience in the public and private sectors, and since 2004 is a Senior Counsel of Goodwin Procter LLP. Prior to that, he served as a Senior Executive Vice President and General Counsel and a Director of John Hancock Financial Services Inc. from 2000 to 2004. Mr. Budd served as Group President, New England, of Bell Atlantic Corporation (now Verizon Communications Inc.) from 1996 to 2000. He served as a Senior Partner of Goodwin Procter LLP from 1993 to 1996. Mr. Budd also served on the U.S. Sentencing Commission from 1994 to 1997, which he was appointed to by President Bill Clinton. From 1992 to 1993, Mr. Budd served as an Associate Attorney General of the United States, overseeing the Civil Rights, Environmental, Tax, Civil and Anti-Trust Divisions at the Department of Justice, as well as the Bureau of Prisons. From 1989 to 1992, he was the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts. He <span style="background-color: magenta;">previously served as a director of Tosco Corp.</span><span style="background-color: white;"> and </span><span style="background-color: cyan;">Premcor Inc.</span> He currently serves as a director at McKesson Corporation. Mr. Budd is the past Chairman of the National Board of the American Automobile Association and currently serves as a director of the American Automobile Association of Southern New England. Mr. Budd’s extensive legal experience and as a board member of public entities, including in the refining sector, provides our board with a beneficial perspective and insight, and for these reasons we believe Mr. Budd is a valuable <span style="background-color: yellow;">member of our board of directors.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Gene Edwards</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Gene Edwards has over 35 years of experience in the energy and refining sectors. Most recently he <span style="background-color: purple;"><span style="color: white;">retired from Valero in April of 2014 where he was Executive Vice President and Chief Development Officer. Mr. Edwards began his career with Valero as an Analyst in Planning and Economics in 1982 and then served as Director of Business Development; Director of Petrochemical Products; Vice President of Planning and Business Development; Senior Vice President of Supply, Marketing & Transportation; Senior Vice President of Planning, Business Development and Risk Management and as Senior Vice President of Product Supply and Trading.</span></span> Prior to joining Valero, he was an energy analyst with Pace Consultants and a refinery process engineer with Citgo. He previously served as a director of CST Brands, a spin-off of Valero, from May to October 2013. Mr. Edwards has served as a director of Green Plains Energy since June 2014. Mr. Edwards’ decades of experience in all aspects of the refining sector provides our board with additional industry-specific knowledge from an individual deeply connected with the independent refining sector.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>William Hantke</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Hantke has <span style="background-color: yellow;">served as a director of PBF Energy since February of 2016.</span> He brings to PBF significant experience as a financial expert and board member of public entities, including those in the refining sector. From 2002 to 2005, <span style="background-color: cyan;">Mr. Hantke served as the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Premcor, Inc. Prior to his tenure at Premcor,</span> Mr. Hantke served as the <span style="background-color: magenta;">Corporate Vice President of Development of Tosco Corporation from 1999 to 2001. From 1993 to 1999, Mr. Hantke served as the Corporate Controller of Tosco</span>, and from 1990 to 1993, he served as the Chief Financial Officer of Seminole Fertilizer Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Tosco. Mr. Hantke has served as a director of NRG Energy since 2006 and is currently the chair of its audit committee and a member of its compensation committee. He has previously served as a director of Texas Genco, LLC, Process Energy Solutions (where he was non-executive chairman) and a director and vice-chairman of NTR Acquisition Co., a petroleum refining acquisition vehicle.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Dennis M. Houston</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dennis M. Houston has served as a <span style="background-color: yellow;">director of PBF Energy since its formation in November 2011 and has been a director of the Board of Directors of PBF LLC since June 2011.</span> Mr. Houston has approximately 40 years experience in the oil and gas industry, including <span style="background-color: red;">over 35 years with ExxonMobil and its related companies. At the time of his retirement from ExxonMobil in May 2010, Mr. Houston held the positions of Executive Vice President Refining & Supply, Chairman and President of ExxonMobil Sales & Supply LLC </span>and Chairman of Standard Tankers Bahamas Limited. Mr. Houston’s experience also <span style="background-color: red;">includes engineering and management positions in Exxon’s refining</span> organization and positions in Lubes and Supply. Mr. Houston’s extensive operational experience in the oil and gas industry, including as a manager of a global refining organization, provides him with valuable insight into the markets in which we operate and provides a unique perspective to our board, and for these reasons we believe that Mr. Houston is qualified to serve on our board.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Edward F. Kosnik</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edward F. Kosnik has served as a <span style="background-color: yellow;">director of PBF Energy since February 20, 2013</span>. Mr. Kosnik serves on our audit committee. For almost 30 years he worked in various fields including banking, insurance, real estate, technology, manufacturing and energy, holding positions that included Chairman, President and CEO, and CFO. Before his retirement in 2001, he most recently served in positions including President and Chief Executive Officer of Berwind Corporation, a diversified, industrial real estate and financial services company, from 1997 until 2001. Previously he served as Executive Vice President and CFO of Alexander and Alexander Inc. from 1994 to 1997 and as Chairman, President and CEO of JWP Inc. from 1992 to 1994. In addition, Mr. Kosnik has served on the boards and audit committees of Steelpath MLP Funds Trust from January 2010 to December 2012, Semgroup Energy Partners LP from July 2008 to November 2009, <span style="background-color: cyan;">Premcor Inc. from November 2004 to September 2005,</span> and Buckeye Partners LP from December 1986 to September 2007. Mr. Kosnik also served on Marquette University’s Board of Trustees and its audit committee from September 2006 to September 2009. Mr. Kosnik’s experience as a financial expert and board member of public entities including in the refining and logistics sectors, provides our board with a beneficial perspective and insight, and for these reason we believe Mr. Kosnik is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Robert J. Lavinia</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Lavinia has served as a <span style="background-color: yellow;">director of PBF Energy since February 2016.</span> He brings to PBF industry-specific experience as an executive and board member of a public refining company. He began his career at the Gulf Oil Corporation and Phibro Energy Corporation. In 1985, he took over as President and Chief Executive Officer of Hill Petroleum Company, Phibro’s refining division. In <span style="background-color: magenta;">1992, he joined Tosco Corporation, where he served as a Senior Vice President and the President of Tosco Marketing</span> with over 6,000 gas and convenience stores in 32 states with more than 20,000 employees. From 2002 to 2006, he served on the board of Transcor SA, a Belgium-based company with trading operations around the world, and from 2005-2006, he served as Chairman of Pasadena Refining, a Transcor subsidiary. <span style="background-color: lime;">In 2007, he joined Petroplus Holdings AG, the largest European independent refining and wholesale marketing company and he became the CEO in March 2008. In September 2009, he retired from Petroplus and remained a board member until 2012.</span> Mr. Lavinia was formerly a director at Big West Oil.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>Eija Malmivirta</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Eija Malmivirta has over 40 years of experience in the energy sector. Ms. Malmivirta served in various positions at Neste Oy from 1969 to 1996, most recently as an Executive Vice President, Head of Neste International Oil Trading and Supply. She served as the Chairman and principal owner of Merei Energy Oy Ltd., an oil trading company, from 1996 to 2002. Ms. Malmivirta served as a member of the Board of Directors of Kemira Oyj, a chemical company from 1997 to 2008, VR Group Ltd. (Finnish Railways) from 1993 to 2006, National Emergency Supply Agency from 1997 to 2009, all located in Helsinki, Finland. She was also a <span style="background-color: magenta;">board member for Tosco Corporation from 1997 to 2001, </span><span style="background-color: cyan;">Premcor from 2002 to 2004</span><span style="background-color: magenta;"> and Petroplus from 2006 to 2011.</span> Ms. Malmivirta’s extensive oil industry expertise and public entity board member experience, including in the refining sector, provides our board with added depth and strategic insight.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">From: wiki</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">[TOSCO WAS BOUGHT IN 2001 BY PHILLIPS WHICH MERGED WITH CONOCO TO FORM CONOCO PHILLIPS IN 2002 AND LATER SPUN OFF ASSETS TO FORM PHILLIPS 66 IN 2012.]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Thomas D. O'Malley </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1942– </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/biography/M-R/O-Malley-Thomas-D-1942.html">Reference for Business Bio </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><b>COLOR CODE</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: lime;">PETROPLUS</span> <span style="background-color: yellow;">PBF</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: cyan;">PREMCOR</span> <span style="background-color: #0b5394; color: white;">VALERO</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: magenta;">TOSCO</span> <span style="background-color: #666666;"><span style="color: white;">CONOCO PHILLIPS</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: red; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">EXXONMOBIL</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGvFkJwd3fa-tHvMfeRtqvMR5tG0BvL0Be2FTevSvnCH-2hYixUI91A0A7riR4iwwWYPvL2Mz97KImW3wBEzEc0XIdaVo980Cdn2FdtAk-iPV3XJ4ChEY6Yv3xfJE87lDs_xyj-UkRnyI/s1600/image+1+Dave+Article+on+Exxon%252C+BPF+Tosco.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGvFkJwd3fa-tHvMfeRtqvMR5tG0BvL0Be2FTevSvnCH-2hYixUI91A0A7riR4iwwWYPvL2Mz97KImW3wBEzEc0XIdaVo980Cdn2FdtAk-iPV3XJ4ChEY6Yv3xfJE87lDs_xyj-UkRnyI/s640/image+1+Dave+Article+on+Exxon%252C+BPF+Tosco.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/fire-erupts-delaware-city-oil-175159406.html?ref=gs">Fire erupts at Delaware City oil refinery</a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A fire ripped through part of a refinery in Delaware City on Friday afternoon.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">From: YAHOO</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>History of Tosco Corporation – FundingUniverse</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> by David Lincoln </span></div>
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<span style="background-color: magenta; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Template Tosco was founded in 1955 under the name Oil Shale Corporation. The company was incorporated under the laws of the state of Nevada, but made its headquarters in the Los Angeles area. The project won some early support from the U.S. government, but interest from other sources was meager and the initiative soon died out.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> in 1965 when it joined West Coast oil giant Atlantic Richfield in forming the Colony Shale Oil Project.. It sold part of its interest in Colony Shale Oil to Atlantic Richfield for $8 million, staggered some observers in the investment community by <span style="background-color: magenta;">leveraging itself to the hilt, and then went on a buying spree.</span> In 1970 it acquired the <span style="font-size: x-large;">Signal Oil & Gas refinery in Bakersfield</span><span style="font-size: large;">, California, for $22.5 million.</span> <span style="background-color: magenta;">In 1976 it acquired $222 million of <span style="font-size: large;">Phillips Petroleum's West Coast property, including</span><span style="font-size: x-large;"> the giant Avon Refinery in Concord, California.</span></span> These moves gave the company a refining capacity of more than 200,000 barrels per day, making it the third-largest independent refiner in the United States and the largest supplier of gasoline to independent marketers on the West Coast. Morton Winston, a lawyer who became a full-time executive with the company in 1964, was named president in 1971 . Morton Winston was an anomaly in an industry in which most top managers had backgrounds in geology, engineering, or finance. As a graduate student in the early 1950s, he aspired to become a literary scholar and chairman of a college English department. Later, after a stint in the Coast Guard, he entered Harvard Law School. After graduating from Harvard in 1958, Winston spent a year clerking for Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter, then joined a New York law firm that specialized in advising small, entrepreneurial companies. He made his first contacts with Oil Shale Corporation in 1961 and joined the company shortly thereafter.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">As chief executive officer of Tosco, Winston made no effort to hide his unusual background in the humanities. He composed poetry in his spare time and encouraged his executives to memorize Bartlett's Quotations. Associates said that he conducted meetings not unlike a soft-spoken college professor conducting a class. But all the points that Winston earned on style would have gone for naught if the company had not fared well during his tenure. Despite his admission that Tosco had moved into the refining business rather later than it should have, the company nonetheless showed a tenfold increase in earnings between 1975 and 1980.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1980 the Atlantic Richfield Company sold its 60 percent share in Colony to Exxon Corporation for $300 million. Construction began at last on a processing plant that was scheduled to be completed in 1986 or 1987. Questions about the plant, however, soon presented themselves. Rising capital costs (from 1980 to 1982, Exxon and Tosco spent $400 million between them on Colony) and a levelling off in the price of crude oil raised doubts about the economic feasibility of the project. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">For its part, Tosco received $380 million worth of compensation from Exxon for its share of Colony. The initial agreement between the two companies had stipulated that Exxon would have to buy out its stake in the venture if it ever pulled out, and Tosco exercised that clause in the contract.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This attempt to recover from the Colony disaster was insufficient to forestall a major reorganization. With Tosco reeling from a first quarter loss of nearly $77 million and still saddled with more than $700 million in bank debt, Morton Winston stepped down as CEO in June 1983 and was replaced by Matthew Talbot. One of Talbot's first acts was to announce the layoffs of 15 top executives and the consolidation of Tosco's seven divisions into two.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The reorganization did little to ease Tosco's difficulties. Sagging crude oil and gasoline prices made things difficult for a company that suddenly found refining to be its sole source of support. Tosco lost over $677 million between 1983 and 1986, and, after buying out dissident shareholders inspired by Good, found itself so deeply in debt that its creditors decreed that it should hire investment banker Bear Stearns to help arrange a takeover. There were, however, no takers. The company's stock fell to $2.75 per share, down from its high of $45 in 1980. Feeling that a change of leadership was necessary, Tosco's directors forced Talbot to resign in June of 1986 and replaced him two months later with company chairman Clarence Frame. In the meantime, Tosco sold its Bakersfield refinery to Texaco for $22 million.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The next year 1988, Argus Energy, a Connecticut-based investment partnership, announced that it had acquired a 40-percent interest in Tosco. In 1989 the company acquired Seminole Fertilizer, but this did not stop the widespread takeover speculation and uncertainty over Tosco's status. Later that year, Argus Energy head man Thomas O'Malley, by now a Tosco director, succeeded Clarence Frame as chief executive officer.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">One of the company's first actions under O'Malley was to announce that it was entertaining takeover bids. Tosco claimed that at least three multinational corporations made offers, but refused to announce the identity of the suitors. Informed speculation had it that one suitor was British Petroleum, which was said to be interested in establishing a presence on the West Coast through Tosco's Avon refinery. Neither party ever confirmed that this was so, however.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco declared in 1991 that none of the offers it had received were satisfactory, and that it would remain independent. The company then declared that it would consolidate operations and cut administrative costs by closing down its headquarters in Santa Monica, California. Initially, Tosco declared that it would find a headquarters site in northern California, closer to the Avon refinery. But it ultimately wound up moving to Stamford, Connecticut, the home of Argus Energy.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Indeed, the move may have signalled that Tosco intended to shift geographical direction and develop a presence on the East Coast as significant as its presence on the West Coast. In December 1992 the company acquired Exxon's Bayway refinery[BUILT IN 1909], located in Linden, New Jersey, for $175 million. The acquisition made it the second-largest independent refiner in the United States.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Principal Subsidiaries: AZL Resources, Inc.; Diablo Service Corp.; Seminole Fertilizer Corp.; The Lion Group, Ltd.; The Oil Shale Corp.; Tosco Corp.; Tosco International Finance; Toscopetro Corp.; Tosco Trading, Transportation & Supply, Inc.; Western Hemisphere Corp.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Source: International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 7. St. James Press, 1993.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">COLONY OIL SHALE PROJECT</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Over time the project was developed by a consortium of different companies until it was terminated by Exxon on 2 May 1982 a day which is known amongst locals as "Black Sunday".[1]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1969 Atlantic Richfield Company joined the project acquiring part of Tosco's stake.[5]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1974 Ashland Oil and Shell Oil Company joined the project.[7][9] In the late 1970s Standard Oil of Ohio, Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company, Shell and Ashaland Oil sold their shares to Atlantic Richfield Company.[7][10][11] As a result of these transactions Tosco owned 40% of shares and Atlantic Richfield Company owned 60% of shares in the project.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1980 Atlantic Richfield Company sold its share to Exxon for $300 million.[6] In 1981 the Colony Development started a construction of the commercial scale shale oil plant.[3] On 2 May 1982 Exxon announced the termination of the project because of low oil-prices and increased expenses laying off more than 2,000 workers resulting in the date becoming known among locals as "Black Sunday".[1][2][3] According to the shareholders agreement in a case of project termination Exxon had an obligation to buy out Tosco's shares. It paid $380 million worth of compensation.[6]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">During its existence the project produced 270 thousand barrels (43×103 m3) of shale oil.[4][ WORTH ABOUT 5.4 MILLION AT $20 barrel]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">At the moment of cancellation the estimated costs would exceed $5.5 billion in then-year dollars or about $10 billion in 2005 dollars.[3]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>History of Tosco Corporation – FundingUniverse</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco Corporation is one of the largest independent refiners of petroleum products in the United States. Once a major player in American efforts to develop ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">WWW.FUNDINGUNIVERSE.COM</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Tosco Corporation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco (The Oil Shale COrporation) was an independent US based petroleum refining and marketing corporation. It was founded in 1955 in Santa Monica, ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> leaving Tosco unable to keep the venture viable in spite of a $1.1 million loan guarantee from the U.S. government. Exxon claimed the project's projected $6 billion price tag made the project no longer feasible, but Exxon was required to purchase Tosco's 40% share in the project as a result of their withdrawal.[2]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Acquisitions[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1996, Tosco acquired the Circle K chain of convenience stores. In 1997, Tosco bought the rights to the Union 76brand of gas stations and the western United States refining and marketing operations from Unocal.[4]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mergers[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco merged with Phillips Petroleum in 2001. [5] Phillips merged with Conoco in 2002 to become ConocoPhillips, who spun off the Circle K stores to Canadian-based Alimentation Couche-Tard.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1999 refinery accident[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">On February 23, 1999, four workers at the Avon Refinery in Concord were burned to death after they tried to replace a leaky oil pipe. The San Francisco Chronicle reported [6] that one Tosco employee, Anthony Creggett, claimed shortly after the fire that plant managers had refused a request by four workers to shut down the high-temperature distillation tower during the repairs on the pipe.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Oil Merger: Phillips Buys Tosco for $7B - ABC News</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">With its $7 billion stock purchase of Tosco Corp., Phillips Petroleum Co. added considerable heft to its refining operations at a time when the oil industry is ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ABCNEWS.GO.COM</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Phillips Petroleum Agrees to Buy Tosco - latimes</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Feb 5, 2001 ... Phillips Petroleum Co. said Sunday that it will acquire Tosco Corp. for $7 ... Combining with Tosco, Phillips would have a refining capacity of 1.7 ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco, already the No. 3 refiner with eight facilities, has two gasoline refineries in California--one in Wilmington, the other east of San Francisco--that turn out an average of 240,000 barrels a day, or about 21% of the state's output. Tosco is based in Stamford, Conn.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It also accounts for about 17% of gasoline sales in the state through its 2,100 stations under the "76" brand. Overall, it operates 6,400 gas stations in 32 states.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Tosco Refining California | Mesothelioma and Asbestos Jobsites</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco Refining California, an oil refinery with a location in Wilmington, California employed oil refinery workers that may have been exposed to asbestos and ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Since the 1980s, however, the company has backed off those efforts and now focuses solely on standard petroleum-based fuels and phosphate-based fertilizers.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco operates large refineries in Wilmington and Martinez, California (near Los Angeles).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Oil Shale Corporation in 1955. It was headquartered in Los Angeles. Over time, Oil Shale made some strategic alliances that allowed it to grow, including joining with Atlantic Richfield in 1965 and acquiring the Signal Oil and Gas refinery in Bakersfield in 1970</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the News</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In February of 1999, Tosco's Martinez refinery was the site of an explosion in which four workers died. In November of that year, Tosco's Wilmington refinery was the site of a fire in a holding tank. No injuries were reported, and the blaze was contained.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tiny particles of asbestos enter into the atmosphere, however, as asbestos-containing transite ages and becomes prone to crumbling. Asbestos when it is in this state is called friable, which is defined as easy to pulverize. In addition, industrial kilns often contained friable asbestos in insulation linings.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Problem with Friable Asbestos</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Asbestos fibers, when friable, can be readily dispersed into the environment. Medical conditions like asbestosis and cancer can result from the inhalation of asbestos. Another uncommon, and generally fatal, disease linked to asbestos is mesothelioma. The pleural variety of mesothelioma, one which affects the tissue that lies between the lungs and the pleural cavity, is the most common. When the airborne particles settle on food or drinks and are subsequently swallowed, pericardial or peritoneal mesothelioma can result, although they are less common than pleural mesothelioma.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Increased pressure from the press, medical scientists and citizen groups forced the creation of rules controlling how to use asbestos. The use of asbestos was more prevalent, however, when places like Tosco Corporation were built. Any asbestos that remains from then may still pose a health hazard if care is not taken during remodeling projects.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Lurking Hazard of Asbestos</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Asbestos-related diseases, unlike most work-related injuries, which are readily observed and known about soon after the incident, can take many, many years to develop. When a former employee starts showing symptoms such as breathlessness, pain in the chest or abdomen and chronic coughing, his or her physician might not immediately recognize asbestos exposure as a cause, leading to a delay in diagnosis. Men and women who were employed by or lived near oil refineries like Tosco Corporation's California facilities therefore should ask their doctors for mesothelioma information. Furthermore, spouses of these people are also in danger, as unless strict decontamination protocols, including the use of workplace-only clothing and on-site showers, were enforced, it was all too common for personnel to bring particles of asbestos on their skin, in their hair, or on their clothes. Mesothelioma surgery is available to some patients and can improve the quality of life.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Read more: http://www.mesothelioma.com/asbestos-exposure/jobsites/oil-refineries/tosco-refining-california.htm#ixzz46zpfWtti</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">WWW.MESOTHELIOMA.COM</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Ownership of U.S. petroleum refineries has changed significantly ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jan 29, 2014 ... The ownership of refineries today reflects multiple changes since 2000. For example, in January 2000 Tosco (5th-largest U.S. refiner), Conoco ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> the number of refineries and companies both declined over the same period, as the concentration of refining capacity among the top five companies increased from 38% in 2000 to 44% in 2013.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">7.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Tosco Avon Refinery Petroleum Naphtha Fire - Investigations | the ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">On February 23, 1999, a fire occurred in the crude unit at Tosco Corporation. Avon oil refinery in Martinez, California. Workers were attempting to replace piping ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mar 28, 2001</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Federal Investigation of Tosco Refinery Fire Finds Flawed Management Supervision</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(Washington, DC - March 28, 2001) A fire at Tosco's Avon refinery in Martinez, California, could have been prevented by better management supervision of safety, according to the final report of the U.S. Chemical Safety & Hazard Investigation Board (CSB). The report culminates an exhaustive two-year investigation of the 1999 petroleum fire that claimed the lives of four workers. The Avon refinery was acquired by UDS Corporation last year.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">According to Board Member Irv Rosenthal, "Better management of job planning and execution could have prevented this tragedy. Our investigation uncovered two root causes of the accident. First, Avon refinery management did not have an effective process for assessing the dangers of maintenance operations and implementing needed safeguards. Second, neither the parent Tosco Corporation nor the facility management had investigated or corrected a pattern of serious unsafe practices at the Avon refinery."</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The incident occurred on February 23, 1999, two years after an explosion at the refinery killed one and injured 46 others. Management deficiencies were also a significant factor in that incident, according to a federal report.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The 1999 incident occurred as workers attempted to remove and replace a leaky petroleum pipe which was attached to an operating oil distillation tower, known as a fractionator. Over a 13-day period prior to the accident, workers had repeatedly tried to isolate and drain the pipe, but leaking and corroded shut-off valves hampered their efforts. At the time of the incident, the pipe still contained a significant volume of pressurized naphtha, a highly flammable petroleum mixture similar to gasoline. While workers were in the process of replacing the pipe, the naphtha was released and burst into flame, killing the four workers. At the time of the fire, workers were positioned on scaffolding up to a hundred feet off the ground and had limited means of escape</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">8.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>TOSCO CORPORATION v. KOCH INDUSTRIES INC | FindLaw</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco sold the Refinery to Alpha Oil Company (“Alpha”) in April 1986. Alpha then sold certain waste areas of the Refinery to Resource Recovery Company ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Tosco purchased the Refinery from Sun in November 1980, and operated it for three years until June 1983. The Refinery has not been in operation since that date. - See more at: http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-10th-circuit/1418746.html#sthash.p4jTCI8e.dpuf</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">9.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>History of Premcor Inc. – FundingUniverse</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Read about the history of Premcor Inc. Explore the company's history, profile, and timeline. Find the key facts you're looking for!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Premcor Inc. History</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">8182 Maryland Avenue, Suite 600 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">St. Louis, Missouri 63105 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Telephone: (314) 854-9696</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Fax: (314) 854-1580</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Website: www.premcorinc.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Incorporated: 1932 as Clark Oil & Refining Corporation </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Employees: 2,000 </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sales: $4 billion (2000 est.) </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">NAIC: 32411 Petroleum Refining</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1932:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Emory Clark buys first gas station in Milwaukee.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1981:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Clark sold to Apex.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1987:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Clark and Apex enter Chapter 11.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1988:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Clark bought by Horsham Corp.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1999:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Clark sheds retail unit, sells Clark brand name.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2000:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Company changes name to Premcor.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Company History:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Premcor Inc. is one of the United States' leading privately owned oil refiners. It operates four refineries, which primarily produce gasoline and diesel fuel. Its largest refinery is in Port Arthur, Texas, a historic facility that began operating in 1901 following the first discovery of oil in Texas. This facility produces jet fuel as well as diesel and gasoline and is one of the most technologically advanced refineries in the world. Premcor also owns a refinery in Lima, Ohio, which produces nearly a quarter of the gasoline bought in that state. Of its two Illinois refineries, one is located in Hartford, Illinois, just across the Mississippi from Premcor's St. Louis headquarters, and the other is in a suburb of Chicago, Blue Island. Combined capacity at Premcor's four refineries is 547,000 barrels per day. The company purchases crude oil for its refineries from petroleum producers worldwide. It has no oil production capacity itself. Premcor began as Clark Oil, a leading refiner and marketer of gasoline. It sold its product at thousands of Clark gas stations in the Midwest and bordering states. Premcor sold all of its retail business and the Clark brand name in 1999 and is no longer affiliated with Clark gas stations and stores. The company changed its name in 2000 to reflect its severance with Clark. Premcor is now owned by two major groups of shareholders. The largest stake is held by affiliates of the Blackstone Group, a New York City-based investment bank. The second largest stake is owned by Occidental Petroleum. Premcor operates four subsidiary companies. Port Arthur Coker Company L.P. and Port Arthur Finance Corp. are also affiliated with Occidental. Premcor's other major subsidiaries are Premcor USA Inc. and The Premcor Refining Group Inc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In the mid-1990s, Clark began expanding through acquisition. The company purchased its Port Arthur, Texas refinery from Chevron in 1995, and then in 1998 bought a refinery in Lima, Ohio from BP Oil. The two acquisitions quadrupled the company's refining capacity. Meanwhile, ownership of the company changed. Horsham Corp. had changed its name to TrizecHahn. This company sold 80 percent of its stake in Clark to a New York-based investment company, the Blackstone Group. Occidental Petroleum acquired another large stake. Clark had been working on its retail marketing, selling off gas stations in some territories and trying to step up its presence in others through the late 1990s. In 1999, Clark Refining and Marketing announced that it would sell all of its retail operations, and remain only in the refining business. Clark's remaining 700 gas stations and 200 convenience stores were sold in December 1999, along with the Clark brand name. These were then operated by a company that took the name Clark Retail Enterprises Inc. Clark also sold its product distribution terminals in 1999. The company was pared down to running only its four refineries. It changed its name to Premcor in 2000, a name that was put together from 'premier' plus 'corporation.' Premcor stood as the fifth largest independent oil refiner in the United States, and the eleventh largest overall. The company planned to concentrate exclusively on its refinery business in the future, making significant investments in upgrading and expanding its existing facilities.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">10.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Premcor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Premcor (formerly NYSE symbol PCO) was a Fortune 500 oil refinery group based in Greenwich, Connecticut. It operated five refineries, which are located in ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Premcor (formerly NYSE symbol PCO) was a Fortune 500 oil refinery group based in Greenwich, Connecticut. It operated five refineries, which are located in Port Arthur, Texas;Memphis, Tennessee; Lima, Ohio; Hartford, Illinois; and Delaware City, Delaware with a combined crude oil volume processing capacity of approximately 768,120 barrels per day (122,121 m3/d) (July, 2007).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Premcor was acquired by Valero in 2005. Valero would later sell the Lima facility to Husky Energy in July 2007 and close the Delaware City refinery in November 2009.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">11.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Valero agrees to buy Premcor in $6.9 billion deal - Apr. 25, 2005</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Apr 25, 2005 ... Valero Energy Corp. (VLO) confirmed that it agreed to acquire refiner Premcor Inc . (PCO) for about $6.9 billion in cash and stock.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Valero said it values the transaction at about $8 billion, including the assumption of about $1.8 billion of Premcor debt offset by about $800 million in cash.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">After buying Premcor, Valero will be the largest refiner of crude oil in North America, surpassing Exxon Mobil Corp. (XOM)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Wall Street Journal reported that Premcor's chairman, Thomas D. O'Malley, plans to step down when the deal closes, as does Jefferson F. Allen, its chief executive, and the report said Premcor would have no seats on the Valero board.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Valero noted that "there will be no changes to Valero's senior management or board of directors." In the press release, O'Malley said "I intend to remain a long-term and large shareholder of the new Valero."</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">12.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Valero to buy Premcor for $8 billion - MarketWatch</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Apr 25, 2005 ... DALLAS (MarketWatch) -- Valero Energy Corp. announced Monday it would buy its smaller rival Premcor in an $8 billion deal that would make ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">"Valero is paying up for Premcor ... and the rest of the refiners win with a high benchmark valuation for refineries," said analyst Jay Saunders of Deutsche Bank in a note to clients.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Saunders pointed out that Valero is paying around $9 million per daily barrel for the assets compared with recent deals of $4 million. The purchase price underscores the need for refiners to add capacity without taking the risk of building a new facility, which is costly and viewed as potentially uneconomic. See more on capacity.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">"The Valero acquisition of Premcor (is) considered a further indication that refinery capacity is tight," said Tim Evans, senior market analyst at IFR Markets, in a note to clients.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The purchase price "is pretty close to what it would cost them to build new refineries, although it does bring them into Valero's book faster than new construction could be accomplished. Valero is likely looking to the long run here."</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">On Wall Street after the news, shares of Premcor PCO, -0.73% soared 18%, or $10.70, to close at a 52-week high of $69.70.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">13.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Premcor Refinery - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Premcor refinery site occupies nearly 156 acres flanking the southwestern edge of Blue Island. Premcor-owned parcels are within an area bounded to the ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Formerly known as the Clark-Blue Island Refinery, refining operations began at the site with the Great Lakes Refinery in the mid-1920s and continued until Premcor decided to close the refinery in 2001.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Due to the facility’s past history of petroleum releases in the two operating storage terminals (Areas 3 and 4) and Premcor’s pending renewal of their lease agreement with the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago (MWRD) for part of the Southwest Terminal, the Illinois EPA and Premcor agreed that the Terminals were the highest priority for environmental investigation. Investigations continue but data collected to date confirm that releases of petroleum products have occurred to soils and groundwater in the still-active storage terminals.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Demolition and dismantling of refinery units is nearly complete in this area enabling better and safer access for the field sampling teams. The initial sampling phases of the more streamlined Site Investigations (SIs) of Areas 1 and 2 are nearing completion</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">14.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Petroplus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Petroplus Holdings AG was Europe's largest independent oil refiner by capacity. When, the now defunct company, was first formed in 1993 it was known as ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Petroplus Holdings AG was Europe's largest independent oil refiner by capacity.[1] When, the now defunct company, was first formed in 1993 it was known as Petroplus International N.V. being based in the Netherlands. In August 1998, it was listed on theAmsterdam Stock Exchange. In April 2005, it was delisted from the Euronext Amsterdam stock exchange when the company was acquired by a holding company. In November 2006, the company went public on the Swiss Stock Exchange.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Industry<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Oil and gas</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Headquarters<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Zug, Switzerland</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Key people<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Thomas D. O'Malley, CEO</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Karyn F. Ovelmen, CFO</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Products<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Petroleum</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Natural gas</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Motor fuels</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Services<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Service stations</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Revenue<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> US$20 billion (2010)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Number of employees<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>1,750</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Website<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>www.petroplusholdings.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Acquisitions[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1997</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In 1997, it acquired the Antwerp N.V. Refinery from the Daewoo Group.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2000</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In May 2000, it bought the Cressier Refinery, in Cressier, Switzerland from Shell Switzerland. In December 2000, it bought the Teesside Refinery in Port Clarence from Phillips Petroleum Company.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2006</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In May 2006, it bought the BRC Antwerp Refinery for $511m from Sovereign Holding Ltd (Bermuda).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2007</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In March 2007, it bought the Ingolstadt Refinery from ExxonMobil for $425m. In June 2007, it bought the Coryton Refinery near London from BP for $1.4bn.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2008</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In April 2008, it bought the Petit Couronne Refinery and Reichstett Refinery, located in France from Shell for $785m.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Financial problems[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In December 2011 a $1bn credit line to the company was frozen by its bank lenders. The company was planning to shut down some refineries if negotiations to restore the credit failed. The chief executive said they would do all they could to avoid bankruptcy. [2] On the 24th of January 2012, Petroplus announced that they are filing for insolvency after it defaulted on $1.75 billion of senior notes and convertible bonds. [3]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Former Refineries[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Antwerp N.V. Refinery (Belgium) sold to VTTI</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>BRC Antwerp Refinery (Belgium) sold to Gunvor</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Coryton Refinery (UK) closed</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cressier Refinery (Switzerland) sold to Varo Energy</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Ingolstadt Refinery (Germany) sold to Gunvor</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Petit Couronne Refinery (France) closed</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Reichstett Refinery (France) closed</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">15.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Petroplus to file for insolvency - BBC News</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jan 24, 2012 ... Swiss oil refiner Petroplus has said it will file for insolvency proceedings after failing to agree with creditors to extend deadlines on loan ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Swiss oil refiner Petroplus has said it will file for insolvency proceedings after failing to agree with creditors to extend deadlines on loan repayments.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Shares in the company, which is Europe's largest independent oil refiner, were suspended on Monday.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Petroplus had its credit lines frozen by its lenders in December 2011.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Its credit rating was downgraded by Standard and Poor's earlier this month on fears of the company defaulting on its debt.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">"We have worked hard to avoid this outcome, but were ultimately not able to come to an agreement with our lenders to resolve these issues given the very tight and difficult European credit and refining markets," said Petroplus chief executive Jean-Paul Vettier.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">"We are fully aware of the impact that this will have on our workforce, their families and the communities where we have operated our businesses."</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">16.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy: Home</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy (“PBF”) is one of the largest independent petroleum refiners and suppliers of unbranded transportation fuels, heating oil, petrochemical feedstocks , ... </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Delaware City, Delaware</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Delaware City refinery has a throughput capacity of 190,000 bpd and a Nelson complexity rating of 11.3. As a result of its configuration and petroleum refinery processing units, Delaware City has the capability to process a diverse heavy slate of crudes with a high concentration of high sulfur crudes making it one of the largest and most complex refineries on the East Coast.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Delaware City refinery is located on a 5,000-acre site on the Delaware River, with the ability to accept crude by rail or waterborne cargoes. Delaware City possesses an extensive distribution network of pipelines, barges and tankers, truck and rail for the distribution of its refined products.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Paulsboro, New Jersey</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Paulsboro refinery has a throughput capacity of 180,000 bpd and a Nelson complexity rating of 13.2. The Paulsboro refinery is located on approximately 950 acres on the Delaware River in Paulsboro, New Jersey, just south of Philadelphia and approximately 30 miles North of the Delaware City refinery. The Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries are the only two operating petroleum refineries on the East Coast with coking capacity.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Paulsboro refinery processes a variety of medium and to heavy sour crude oils and predominantly produces gasoline, heating oil and aviation jet fuel. The refinery also manufactures Group I lubricant base oils. In addition to its finished clean products slate, Paulsboro produces asphalt and petroleum coke.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Toledo, Ohio</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Toledo refinery has a throughput capacity of approximately 170,000 bpd and a Nelson complexity rating of 9.2. Toledo processes a slate of light, sweet crudes from Canada, the Mid-continent, the Bakken region and the U.S. Gulf Coast. Toledo produces a high volume of finished products including gasoline and ultra-low sulfur diesel, in addition to a variety of high-value petrochemicals including nonene, xylene, tetramer and toluene.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Toledo petroleum refinery is located on a 282-acre site near Toledo, Ohio, 60 miles south of Detroit. Major units at the Toledo refinery include an FCC unit, a hydrocracker, an alkylation unit and an UDEX unit. Crude is delivered to, and finished products are exported from, the Toledo refinery primarily through a network of pipelines.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">New Orleans, Louisiana</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Chalmette Refinery, located outside of New Orleans, Louisiana, is a 189,000 barrel per day, dual-train coking refinery with a Nelson Complexity of 12.7 and is capable of processing both light and heavy crude oil. The facility is strategically positioned on the Gulf Coast with strong logistics connectivity that offers flexible raw material sourcing and product distribution opportunities, including the potential to export products.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Chalmette refinery processes a variety of crude oils and predominantly produces gasoline, distillates and specialty chemicals. The refinery distributes its products locally and exports to domestic and international markets through pipeline and maritime assets.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">17.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy (NYSE: PBF) is a petroleum refiner and supplier of unbranded transportation fuels, heating oils, lubricants. petrochemical feedstocks, and other petroleum products founded in 2008 with headquarters in Parsippany, New Jersey. The company's four refineries include one in Chalmette, Louisiana, Toledo, Ohio, one at the Port of Paulsboro in Gibbstown, New Jersey, and the Delaware City Refinery in Delaware City. It produces a range of products including gasoline, ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD), heating oil, jet fuel, lubricants, petrochemicals and asphalt. [1][2][3]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF was formed in 2008 as a joint venture by Petroplus Holdings and the private equity companies Blackstone Group and First Reserve, each committing $667 million in equity.[4]In September 2010 Petroplus announced plans to sell its 32.62 percent stake to its partners for $91 million as PBF acquired the Paulsboro refinery from Valero Energy.[5][6] PBF then acquired the Toledo refinery from Sunoco in December 2010 for approximately $400 million.[7] PBF went public in December 2012 with a $533 million initial public offering.[8]In 2015 they acquired the Chalmette, Louisiana refinery.[9]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">References[edit]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Jump up^</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">New Jersey company to buy Chalmette refinery from ExxonMobil, Venezuela</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">http://www.nola.com/business/index.ssf/2015/06/exxon_sells_chalmette_refining.html</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy Inc. of New Jersey has agreed to buy an oil refinery in Chalmette from co-owners ExxonMobil and Petrobras of Venezuela. (Chalmette Refining)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Print Email </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> By Jennifer Larino, NOLA.com | The Times-Picayune </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Email the author | Follow on Twitter </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">on June 18, 2015 at 2:09 PM, updated June 18, 2015 at 3:28 PM </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A New Jersey energy company will buy the Chalmette oil refinery for $322 million from ExxonMobil and its partner, the state-owned Petroleos de Venezuela, the companies said Thursday (June 18). The new owner plans to re-hire refinery employees, though it is not clear how the deal will affect some 500 contractors at the site.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy Inc., based in Parsippany, N.J., and one of the largest independent oil refiners in North America, has agreed to purchase the 189,000-barrel-per-day refinery as well as interests in chemical facilities, pipelines and other assets at the site.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A statement released by PBF Energy did not detail how the purchase would impact the refinery's workforce, though it appears leadership intends to extend job offers to many current employees.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">"We are committed to the continued safe and environmentally responsible operations of the facility and look forward to welcoming Chalmette's well-trained and professional workforce to the PBF family," CEO Tom Nimbley said.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">About 530 ExxonMobil employees and 500 contractors work at the refinery, according to figures provided by ExxonMobil.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF spokesman Michael Karlovich said the company intends to extend offers to all ExxonMobil employees. He said PBF would review the level of contract work needed to support safe operations at the facility.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The sale comes as Venezuela's government seeks ways to cover growing debt as low oil prices erode state revenues and a recession looms.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">ExxonMobil and Petroleos de Venezuela each own a 50 percent stake in the refinery.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Chalmette Refining, built in 1915 on the site of a former plantation, is one of the largest employers in St. Bernard Parish. ExxonMobil operates the plant, though about a third of the oil refined there is produced in Venezuela.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The deal is PBF Energy's first refinery purchase on the Gulf Coast, expanding its refining capacity by 35 percent to more than 725,000 barrels per day.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBR Energy operates refineries in Delaware, New Jersey and Ohio.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">If regulators approve the deal, the new owners are expected to take over the Chalmette refinery later this year</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">18.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF: Summary for PBF Energy Inc. Class A Common - Yahoo! Finance</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">View the basic PBF stock chart on Yahoo! Finance. Change the date range, chart type and compare PBF Energy Inc. Class A Common against other companies.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">[First qtr 16 expected to show downturn</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">19.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy Inc (PBF) Company Profile | Reuters.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy Inc., (PBF) incorporated on November 7, 2011, is a petroleum refiner and supplier of unbranded transportation fuels, heating oil, petrochemical ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Company also commenced crude shipments via rail into a newly developed crude rail unloading facility at its Delaware City refinery. The Delaware City rail unloading facility allows the Company's East Coast refineries to source WTI-based crudes from Canada and the Midcontinent.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Markets | Tue Mar 22, 2016 7:23am EDT</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Related: STOCKS, REGULATORY NEWS, MARKETS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">BRIEF-Pbf Energy CEO Thomas O'malley's 2015 total compensation was $8.3 mln</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Pbf Energy Inc -</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">* Says ceo thomas o'malley's fy 2015 total compensation $8.3 million versus $8.1 million in fy 2014 - sec filing Source text : 1.usa.gov/1RwOVUx Further company coverage: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSFWN16U0A0?type=companyNews</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">20.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy inks deal for Louisiana refinery, logistics assets - Oil ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jun 18, 2015 ... PBF Holding Co. LLC, a subsidiary of PBF Energy Inc., Parsippany, NJ, has entered an agreement with ExxonMobil Corp. and Petroleos de ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">21.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Who is PBF Energy, the buyer of ExxonMobil's Torrance refinery?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sep 30, 2015 ... PBF Energy executives Michael Karlovich, VP Corporate Communication, left, and Jeffrey Dill, President, Western Region, announce PBF ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF was formed in 2008 as a private equity investment backed by hedge fund Blackstone, said co-founder Jeffrey Dill, who will become president of newly formed subsidiary PBF Energy Western Region LLC, which will hold and manage the company’s new Torrance assets.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">22.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF:New York Stock Quote - PBF Energy Inc - Bloomberg Markets</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Stock analysis for PBF Energy Inc (PBF:New York) including stock price, stock chart, company news, key statistics, fundamentals and company profile.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">[PBF STOCK CHART KIND OF LOOKS LIKE EXXON]</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">23.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cheap Oil and Progress on a Major Acquisition Gave PBF Energy's ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dec 3, 2015 ... What: Shares of PBF Energy (NYSE:PBF) climbed more than 19% in November. A large part of the stock's success last month came on the back ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cheap Oil and Progress on a Major Acquisition Gave PBF Energy's Stock a 19% Boost in November</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">With the financing available for the independent refiner to acquire another refinery from ExxonMobil, investors have been gobbling up PBF's shares.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">What: Shares of PBF Energy (NYSE:PBF) climbed more than 19% in November. A large part of the stock's success last month came on the back of the company's ability to secure financing or the pending acquisition of ExxonMobil's (NYSE:XOM) Torrence refinery in California. It also helps that the market is extremely lucrative for refiners for the past several quarters.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">So what: This has been a pretty transformative year for PBF Energy. With the pending acquisition of the Torrance refining complex and the recently completed acquisition of Chalmette Refining -- also a former Exxonmobil facility -- PBF has increased its total refining capacity by 60% to 900,000 barrels per day. These two deals also make it the fifth largest independent refiner in the United States. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF DATA BY YCHARTS</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">There were some questions whether PBF was going to be able to finance its Torrence deal attractively, especially since financing hasn't been easy to find lately for energy companies. On Nov. 17, the company announced that it had successfully priced $500 million worth of senior notes due in 2023 at 7%. It's not a great financing deal, but for a company of PBF's size and capital structure, it's a rate the company can live with. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">24.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy snaps up Gulf Coast refinery for $322 million | Fuel Fix</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jun 18, 2015 ... PBF Energy snaps up Gulf Coast refinery for $322 million. Posted by Rhiannon .... Image 1 of 21 | 20 biggest energy deals of last 20 years.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The company in 2011 considered buying the Texas City Refinery, which was then owned by BP Plc, according to Reuters reports.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Chalmette Refinery, located outside of New Orleans, has the ability to crank out 189,000 barrels per day, and can process both light and heavy crude, according to PBF’s statement.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">25.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy to Purchase the Torrance Refinery and Related ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sep 30, 2015 ... PBF Energy Inc. (NYSE:PBF) announced today that its subsidiary has signed a definitive agreement to purchase the 155000 barrel-per-day ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Torrance refinery, and related logistics assets, from ExxonMobil. With the acquisition, PBF will increase its total throughput capacity to approximately 900,000 barrels per day. The purchase price for the assets is $537.5 million, plus working capital to be valued at closing. PBF expects to finance the transaction with a combination of cash, debt and equity.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jeffrey Dill will transition to the role of President, PBF Energy Western Region LLC. Mr. Dill has been General Counsel of PBF since its inception in 2008 and his prior experience includes almost 10 years working in the refining and logistics industry in Southern California. In his new role, Mr. Dill will be responsible for managing PBF’s relationships with elected officials, community leaders and regulatory agencies in California.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">26.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy Provides Update on Delaware City Refinery Operations</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Feb 1, 2016 ... PARSIPPANY, N.J., Feb. 1, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- PBF Energy Inc. (NYSE: PBF) announced today that its Delaware City Refinery experienced ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PARSIPPANY, N.J., Feb. 1, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- PBF Energy Inc. (NYSE: PBF) announced today that its Delaware City Refinery experienced a plant-wide, unplanned shutdown on January 24, 2016, due to a loss of power during a severe winter storm. The refinery was safely shutdown and there were no injuries. Given prevailing market conditions and current operational capability, the company has decided to move forward its scheduled turnaround of the Delaware City coker and other related units. Personnel are working to return non-affected units to reduced operations. We expect the refinery to complete its turnaround work by the end of the quarter.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">27.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF to Acquire Valero Energy Refinery in Paulsboro, N.J.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Holding Company LLC on September 27 announced that it has entered into agreements to acquire the 185,000-barrel-per-day Paulsboro, N.J., refinery, ..</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF’s principal owners are Petroplus Holdings A. G., Europe’s largest independent refiner, The Blackstone Group, and First Reserve Corporation. Petroplus has also announced that it plans to sell its investment in PBF to Blackstone and First Reserve.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">28.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy reports lower income - UPI.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Feb 11, 2016 ... U.S. refiner PBF Energy said it was sharing the pain of its upstream counterparts with a reported fourth quarter income about 20 percent lower ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">29.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>After-hours buzz: PBF Energy, Microsoft, Google & more - CNBC.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sep 30, 2015 ... Check out the companies making headlines after the bell Wednesday: PBF Energy, Microsoft, Google & more.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">30.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy (PBF) Stock Price, Financials and News | Fortune 500</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Methodology. Companies are ranked by total revenues for their respective fiscal years. Included in the survey are companies that are incorporated in the U.S. ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">31.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF | Stock Price Quote for PBF Energy Inc - Barchart.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Free stock quote for . Stock price, charts, stock information, technical opinions.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">32.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF ENERGY INC. (PBF) IPO - NASDAQ.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Company Name, PBF ENERGY INC. Company Address, 1 SYLVAN WAY PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054. Company Phone, 973-455-7500. Company Website ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">33.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy (PBF) to Purchase Chalmette Refinery, Other Assets for ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jun 18, 2015 ... PBF Energy Inc. (NYSE: PBF) announced today that its subsidiary has signed a definitive agreement to purchase Chalmette Refining, LLC, ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">34.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF: PBF ENERGY INC Stock Quote & Analysis - Zacks.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">... INC PBF investment & stock information. Get the latest PBF ENERGY INC PBF detailed stock quotes, stock data, Real-Time ECN, charts, stats and more.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">35.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Logistics LP</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Investor Relations - PBF Logistics LP, headquartered in Parsippany, New Jersey, ... growth-oriented master limited partnership formed by PBF Energy to own or ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">36.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>High Rail Costs Crimp PBF Energy & PBF Logistics - RealMoney.com</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mar 14, 2016 ... As the cost of importing crude is cheaper than the cost of rail transport, PBF Energy and its master limited partnership, PBF Logistics, are getting ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">37.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Energy buys fifth refinery with California deal - The News Journal</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sep 30, 2015 ... Delaware City Refinery owner PBF Energy said Wednesday it plans to buy ExxonMobil's damaged Torrance Refinery along the southern ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">38.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What Do Analysts Expect from PBF Energy's 1Q16 Earnings ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">5 days ago ... PBF Energy (PBF) is expected to post its 1Q16 results on April 28, 2016. In 4Q15, PBF Energy's revenues missed Wall Street analysts' ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">39.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What PBF Energy Gets With Its Purchase of Louisiana Refinery from ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jun 18, 2015 ... PBF Energy has agreed to purchase Chalmette Refining from co-owners Exxon Mobil and Petróleos de Venezuela.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">40.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF Stock Price & News - PBF Energy Inc. - Barron's</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">View the latest PBF stock price with Barron's. Including historical share prices, analysis, earnings, cash flow and market valuation for PBF Energy Inc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">41.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Goldman Sachs: Buy Valero, PBF Energy, Sell Phillips 66 - Stocks to ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Nov 23, 2015 ... Goldman Sachs's Neil Mehta has an update out on refining stocks Monday, in which he suggests investors buy Valero (VLO) and PBF Energy ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">42.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF PBF Energy Inc Class A XNYS:PBF Stock Quote Price News</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Today's real-time PBF stock quote PBF Energy Inc Class A ticker symbol XNYS: PBF price, news, financial statements, historical, balance sheet.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">43.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>$PBF PBF Energy Inc. stock and investing information on StockTwits ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Real-time trade and investing ideas on PBF Energy Inc. ($PBF) from the largest community of traders and investors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> Energy: Home</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy (“PBF”) is one of the largest independent petroleum refiners and suppliers of unbranded transportation fuels, heating oil, petrochemical feedstocks , ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Refineries | PBF Energy</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries are the only two operating ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>News 2016 – PBF Energy</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">... Members PDF, DOCUMENT PDF. DATE 02/01/2016, TITLE PBF Energy Provides Update on Delaware City Refinery Operations PDF, DOCUMENT PDF ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>PBF's Delaware City catalytic cracker shut for at least a month ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Aug 24, 2015 ... PBF's Delaware City catalytic cracker shut for at least a month -source ... NEW YORK Aug 24 A key gasoline-making unit at PBF Energy Inc's 182,200-barrel-per -day (bpd) Delaware City, ... an explosion and fire on Friday, a source familiar with plant operations said on Sunday. ... Prince: a life in photos ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Worker burned at Delaware City refinery - The News Journal</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Nov 30, 2015 ... A man was hospitalized Sunday after a flash fire at the Delaware ... Buy Photo ... Officials of the refinery, which is currently owned by PBF Energy, reiterated they had a fire and that a person had been burned and hospitalized.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Delaware City Refinery fire under investigation - The News Journal</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Aug 21, 2015 ... Delaware City Refinery fire is under investigation. ... (Photo: Courtesy of Chopper 6, 6abc News) ... Michael Karlovich, a vice president for refinery owner PBF Energy, in an email said the problem involved the factory's catalytic ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">7.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Delaware City Refinery restarts fire damaged unit - The News Journal</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sep 23, 2015 ... Delaware City Refinery restarts fire damaged unit, cuts quarterly production outlook. ... (Photo: Courtesy of Chopper 6, 6abc News) ... PBF Energy late Wednesday reported that it had completed the repair and restart of an ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">8.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Fire Rips Through Delaware Refinery - Oilpro</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Aug 21, 2015 ... Delaware City Refinery; Photo: PFB Energy. PBF Energy Vice President Michael Karlovich told reporters around 3:00 pm local time Friday that ...</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Tariffs</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Ask a Representative</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Refineries</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Delaware City Refinery</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Paulsboro Refinery</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Toledo Refinery</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Chalmette Refinery</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy to Release First Quarter 2016 Earnings Results ></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy to Attend Scotia Howard Weil Energy Conference ></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PBF Energy to Attend Bank of America Merrill Lynch Refining Conference ></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">http://www.pbfenergy.com/board-of-directors</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Thomas D. O'Malley</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Thomas D. O’Malley has served as Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of PBF Energy since its formation in November 2011, served as Executive Chairman of PBF LLC and its predecessors from March 2008 to February 2013 and was our Chief Executive Officer from inception until June 2010. Mr. O’Malley has more than 30 years experience in the refining industry. He served as Chairman of the Board of Petroplus Holdings A.G., listed on the Swiss Exchange, from May 2006 until February 2011, and was Chief Executive Officer from May 2006 until September 2007. Mr. O’Malley was Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Premcor, a domestic oil refiner and Fortune 250 company listed on the NYSE, from February 2002 until December 2004, and continued as Chairman until its sale to Valero in August 2005. Before joining Premcor, Mr. O’Malley was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Tosco Corporation. This Fortune 100 company, listed on the NYSE, was the largest independent oil refiner and marketer of oil products in the United States, with annualized revenues of approximately $25.0 billion when it was sold to Philips Petroleum Company in September 2001. Mr. O’Malley’s extensive experience in and knowledge of the refining industry, as well as his proven leadership skills and management experience provides the board with valuable leadership, and for these reasons we believe Mr. O’Malley is qualified to serve as Chairman of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">PETROPLUS PBF</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Thomas Nimbley</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Nimbley has served as PBF's Chief Executive Officer since June of 2010 and was appointed to the board of directors in October of 2014. Prior thereto, he served as a Principal for Nimbley Consultants LLC from June 2005 to March 2010, where he provided consulting services and assisted on the acquisition of two refineries. He previously served as Senior Vice President and Head of Refining for Phillips Petroleum Company and subsequently Senior Vice President and head of Refining for ConocoPhillips' domestic refining system (13 locations) following the merger of Phillips and Conoco. Before joining Phillips at the time of its acquisition of Tosco in September 2001, Mr. Nimbley served in various positions with Tosco Corporation and its subsidiaries starting in April 1993.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Spencer Abraham</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Spencer Abraham has served as a director of PBF Energy since October 2012. Mr. Abraham is the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the international strategic consulting firm The Abraham Group, which he founded in 2005. Prior to starting The Abraham Group, Mr. Abraham served as Secretary of Energy under President George W. Bush from 2001 through January 2005 and was a U.S. Senator for the State of Michigan from 1995 to 2001. Prior to serving as a U.S. Senator, Mr. Abraham held various other public and private sector positions in the public policy arena. Mr. Abraham serves as a director of Occidental Petroleum Corporation and GenOn Energy, Inc. and as Chairman of the Advisory Board of Lynx Global Realty Asset Fund Onshore LLC. He was previously a director of ICx Technologies and non-executive Chairman of Areva Inc. Mr. Abraham also serves on the boards or advisory committees of several private companies, including Deepwater Wind, LLC, Green Rock Energy, Sindicatum Sustainable Resources and C3. Mr. Abraham’s extensive political and financial experience in the energy sector, including as the Secretary of Energy of the United States, as a U.S. Senator and as a board member of various public companies in the oil and gas sector, provides him with unique and valuable insights into the industry in which we operate and the markets that we serve, and for these reasons we believe that Mr. Abraham is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jefferson F. Allen</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Jefferson F. Allen has served as a director of PBF Energy since its formation in November 2011 and has been a director of the Board of Directors of PBF LLC since March 2011. Mr. Allen serves as chairman of our audit committee for PBF. Mr. Allen has over 35 years experience in the oil industry. Before his retirement in 2005, Mr. Allen most recently served as the Chief Executive Officer of Premcor at the time of its sale to Valero in 2005. In addition, from 2002 until 2005 Mr. Allen served on Premcor’s Board of Directors and from 2002 until 2004 was Chairman of its Audit Committee. Prior to his service with Premcor, Mr. Allen was the Chief Financial Officer and a director of Tosco Corporation from 1990, and served as its President from 1995, until its merger with Phillips Petroleum Company in September 2001. Before joining Tosco, his previous energy industry experience was in the international exploration and production business for 14 years. Mr. Allen’s industry specific experience as a financial expert and board member of a public company, provides our board with a unique perspective and insight, and for these reason we believe Mr. Allen is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Wayne A. Budd</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Wayne A. Budd has over 40 years of legal experience in the public and private sectors, and since 2004 is a Senior Counsel of Goodwin Procter LLP. Prior to that, he served as a Senior Executive Vice President and General Counsel and a Director of John Hancock Financial Services Inc. from 2000 to 2004. Mr. Budd served as Group President, New England, of Bell Atlantic Corporation (now Verizon Communications Inc.) from 1996 to 2000. He served as a Senior Partner of Goodwin Procter LLP from 1993 to 1996. Mr. Budd also served on the U.S. Sentencing Commission from 1994 to 1997, which he was appointed to by President Bill Clinton. From 1992 to 1993, Mr. Budd served as an Associate Attorney General of the United States, overseeing the Civil Rights, Environmental, Tax, Civil and Anti-Trust Divisions at the Department of Justice, as well as the Bureau of Prisons. From 1989 to 1992, he was the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts. He previously served as a director of Tosco Corp. and Premcor Inc. He currently serves as a director at McKesson Corporation. Mr. Budd is the past Chairman of the National Board of the American Automobile Association and currently serves as a director of the American Automobile Association of Southern New England. Mr. Budd’s extensive legal experience and as a board member of public entities, including in the refining sector, provides our board with a beneficial perspective and insight, and for these reasons we believe Mr. Budd is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Gene Edwards</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Gene Edwards has over 35 years of experience in the energy and refining sectors. Most recently he retired from Valero in April of 2014 where he was Executive Vice President and Chief Development Officer. Mr. Edwards began his career with Valero as an Analyst in Planning and Economics in 1982 and then served as Director of Business Development; Director of Petrochemical Products; Vice President of Planning and Business Development; Senior Vice President of Supply, Marketing & Transportation; Senior Vice President of Planning, Business Development and Risk Management and as Senior Vice President of Product Supply and Trading. Prior to joining Valero, he was an energy analyst with Pace Consultants and a refinery process engineer with Citgo. He previously served as a director of CST Brands, a spin-off of Valero, from May to October 2013. Mr. Edwards has served as a director of Green Plains Energy since June 2014. Mr. Edwards’ decades of experience in all aspects of the refining sector provides our board with additional industry-specific knowledge from an individual deeply connected with the independent refining sector.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">William Hantke</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Hantke has served as a director of PBF Energy since February of 2016. He brings to PBF significant experience as a financial expert and board member of public entities, including those in the refining sector. From 2002 to 2005, Mr. Hantke served as the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Premcor, Inc. Prior to his tenure at Premcor, Mr. Hantke served as the Corporate Vice President of Development of Tosco Corporation from 1999 to 2001. From 1993 to 1999, Mr. Hantke served as the Corporate Controller of Tosco, and from 1990 to 1993, he served as the Chief Financial Officer of Seminole Fertilizer Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Tosco. Mr. Hantke has served as a director of NRG Energy since 2006 and is currently the chair of its audit committee and a member of its compensation committee. He has previously served as a director of Texas Genco, LLC, Process Energy Solutions (where he was non-executive chairman) and a director and vice-chairman of NTR Acquisition Co., a petroleum refining acquisition vehicle.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dennis M. Houston</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Dennis M. Houston has served as a director of PBF Energy since its formation in November 2011 and has been a director of the Board of Directors of PBF LLC since June 2011. Mr. Houston has approximately 40 years experience in the oil and gas industry, including over 35 years with ExxonMobil and its related companies. At the time of his retirement from ExxonMobil in May 2010, Mr. Houston held the positions of Executive Vice President Refining & Supply, Chairman and President of ExxonMobil Sales & Supply LLC and Chairman of Standard Tankers Bahamas Limited. Mr. Houston’s experience also includes engineering and management positions in Exxon’s refining organization and positions in Lubes and Supply. Mr. Houston’s extensive operational experience in the oil and gas industry, including as a manager of a global refining organization, provides him with valuable insight into the markets in which we operate and provides a unique perspective to our board, and for these reasons we believe that Mr. Houston is qualified to serve on our board.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edward F. Kosnik</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Edward F. Kosnik has served as a director of PBF Energy since February 20, 2013. Mr. Kosnik serves on our audit committee. For almost 30 years he worked in various fields including banking, insurance, real estate, technology, manufacturing and energy, holding positions that included Chairman, President and CEO, and CFO. Before his retirement in 2001, he most recently served in positions including President and Chief Executive Officer of Berwind Corporation, a diversified, industrial real estate and financial services company, from 1997 until 2001. Previously he served as Executive Vice President and CFO of Alexander and Alexander Inc. from 1994 to 1997 and as Chairman, President and CEO of JWP Inc. from 1992 to 1994. In addition, Mr. Kosnik has served on the boards and audit committees of Steelpath MLP Funds Trust from January 2010 to December 2012, Semgroup Energy Partners LP from July 2008 to November 2009, Premcor Inc. from November 2004 to September 2005, and Buckeye Partners LP from December 1986 to September 2007. Mr. Kosnik also served on Marquette University’s Board of Trustees and its audit committee from September 2006 to September 2009. Mr. Kosnik’s experience as a financial expert and board member of public entities including in the refining and logistics sectors, provides our board with a beneficial perspective and insight, and for these reason we believe Mr. Kosnik is a valuable member of our board of directors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Robert J. Lavinia</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mr. Lavinia has served as a director of PBF Energy since February 2016. He brings to PBF industry-specific experience as an executive and board member of a public refining company. He began his career at the Gulf Oil Corporation and Phibro Energy Corporation. In 1985, he took over as President and Chief Executive Officer of Hill Petroleum Company, Phibro’s refining division. In 1992, he joined Tosco Corporation, where he served as a Senior Vice President and the President of Tosco Marketing with over 6,000 gas and convenience stores in 32 states with more than 20,000 employees. From 2002 to 2006, he served on the board of Transcor SA, a Belgium-based company with trading operations around the world, and from 2005-2006, he served as Chairman of Pasadena Refining, a Transcor subsidiary. In 2007, he joined Petroplus Holdings AG, the largest European independent refining and wholesale marketing company and he became the CEO in March 2008. In September 2009, he retired from Petroplus and remained a board member until 2012. Mr. Lavinia was formerly a director at Big West Oil.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Eija Malmivirta</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Eija Malmivirta has over 40 years of experience in the energy sector. Ms. Malmivirta served in various positions at Neste Oy from 1969 to 1996, most recently as an Executive Vice President, Head of Neste International Oil Trading and Supply. She served as the Chairman and principal owner of Merei Energy Oy Ltd., an oil trading company, from 1996 to 2002. Ms. Malmivirta served as a member of the Board of Directors of Kemira Oyj, a chemical company from 1997 to 2008, VR Group Ltd. (Finnish Railways) from 1993 to 2006, National Emergency Supply Agency from 1997 to 2009, all located in Helsinki, Finland. She was also a board member for Tosco Corporation from 1997 to 2001, Premcor from 2002 to 2004 and Petroplus from 2006 to 2011. Ms. Malmivirta’s extensive oil industry expertise and public entity board member experience, including in the refining sector, provides our board with added depth and strategic insight.</span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-83320700814584053542017-10-12T12:40:00.000-07:002017-10-12T12:40:03.974-07:00Inflammation, Free Radical Damage, Oxidative Stress, Hydrogen and Cancer<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;">From: Dr. Sircus</span></h1>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAQHZ4lWoEHg11Wwf5I4ra0w1ZKdK2m8tthcD64j0_fgjaIc88jOGhsBvKtwPgyrXbPJVW9jQss2ejRrsCCWyBso15-Y_6DK3WmDrOuPmmXfPWNiGXyjybpSkzGURASGr6P3eJoa-PCAg/s1600/oxidative+stress.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="358" data-original-width="624" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAQHZ4lWoEHg11Wwf5I4ra0w1ZKdK2m8tthcD64j0_fgjaIc88jOGhsBvKtwPgyrXbPJVW9jQss2ejRrsCCWyBso15-Y_6DK3WmDrOuPmmXfPWNiGXyjybpSkzGURASGr6P3eJoa-PCAg/s640/oxidative+stress.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Studies on brain tumors in the past 10 or more years have shown an increase in the incidence of brain tumors in the general population. Can you guess why this is so? Extensive research during last two decades has revealed the mechanism by which continued oxidative stress leads to chronic inflammation, which in turn mediates most chronic diseases including cancer.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Oxidative stress, caused by rivers of free radicals, is a plague on modern man. Whether it’s the toxic pollution in the air you breath 24/7, the radiation your doctor exposes you to,<a href="http://drsircus.com/general/inflammation-free-radical-damage-oxidative-stress-hydrogen-cancer/?utm_source=Dr+Sircus+Newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter_12_10_17&inf_contact_key=cfe871d23b9ada53f757140857e0cc61c99817eb2f92f34d3aaa5042e1de5fba#_edn1" id="_ednref1" name="_ednref1" style="border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="">[1]</a> pharmaceutical medicines, chemotherapy, your cell phone constantly at your brain, or even your WI-FI and other EMF pollution generating devices, you expose yourself to oxidative stress,<a href="http://drsircus.com/general/inflammation-free-radical-damage-oxidative-stress-hydrogen-cancer/?utm_source=Dr+Sircus+Newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter_12_10_17&inf_contact_key=cfe871d23b9ada53f757140857e0cc61c99817eb2f92f34d3aaa5042e1de5fba#_edn2" id="_ednref2" name="_ednref2" style="border: 0px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="">[2]</a> which will drag you down into the pit of disease and cancer putting an end to your happiness, health and even life.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Oxidative stress has been associated with numerous health conditions including chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, insomnia, cancer, and just about every disease you can imagine yet doctors seem to ignore this fact and work as hard as they can to increase your oxidative stress when they know we are already against the wall with toxins and stress. Imagine a patient, newly in remission from cancer, being exposed every three months to CAT or PET scans, which dramatically increase oxidative stress, just begging for the cancer to come back (or a new cancer to emerge) so they can treat the patient again.</span></div>
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<a class="m_2815204054190120216bard-text-block m_2815204054190120216style-scope" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://zw363.infusionsoft.com/app/linkClick/5446/480b16cee78e6230/6852436/ccd36bd9a5c746dc&source=gmail&ust=1507923070506000&usg=AFQjCNF9TScUHwSevhWfV1veRpGKvnwJvw" href="https://zw363.infusionsoft.com/app/linkClick/5446/480b16cee78e6230/6852436/ccd36bd9a5c746dc" style="color: #2baadf; line-height: 1.6; padding: 0px;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Read More</span></a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-3649219900133067942017-07-17T14:05:00.001-07:002017-07-17T14:09:58.148-07:00In Memoriam: Liu Xiaobo - by A. D. Coleman<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">From:</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.nearbycafe.com/artandphoto/photocritic/2017/07/16/in-memoriam-liu-xiaobo/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+PhotocriticInternational+%28Photocritic+International%29"><span style="font-size: large;">Photocritic International</span><o:p></o:p></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="http://www.nearbycafe.com/artandphoto/photocritic/2017/07/16/in-memoriam-liu-xiaobo/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+PhotocriticInternational+%28Photocritic+International%29"><span style="color: #666666;">A.<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><span style="color: #666666;">D. Coleman on Photography and New Technology</span></a></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">In Memoriam: Liu Xiaobo<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Chinese poet, dissident, and 2010 Nobel Peace
Prize recipient Liu Xiaobo died of acute liver cancer on Thursday, July 13,
2017 while in police custody. At the time of his death he had been released
from prison, where he had served almost nine years of an 11-year sentence, and
transferred to the First Hospital of China Medical University in Shenyang.
There the Chinese authorities kept him under guard until his passing,
preventing him from making any final public statement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLZGfKF7t2OE_ruEri9thxEq4FVHXrdSWzqdILu4-P72ylKG6w4b43h4lkb-MXYPIXxf4vpfJN_UkqDO449K1cql5XLIjWThH0yLrBixSsIW3Qt2VK3siXUAkuRGWpPREQqVgk0l8iBJY/s1600/liu-xia16+Photo+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="661" data-original-width="665" height="636" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLZGfKF7t2OE_ruEri9thxEq4FVHXrdSWzqdILu4-P72ylKG6w4b43h4lkb-MXYPIXxf4vpfJN_UkqDO449K1cql5XLIjWThH0yLrBixSsIW3Qt2VK3siXUAkuRGWpPREQqVgk0l8iBJY/s640/liu-xia16+Photo+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Untitled photograph (Liu Xiaobo with doll), ca. 1999, © copyright by Liu Xia, from the “Ugly Babies” series</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; text-align: left;">In 2009 a Chinese court convicted Liu of subversion for his role in
co-authoring and disseminating “Charter 08,” which called for the recognition
and practice of the democratic freedoms proclaimed in the constitution of the
People’s Republic of China. His opposition to the Chinese Communist Party goes
back to his leadership role in the events leading up to the Tienanmen Square
Massacre of June 4, 1989.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJVq9ItA_ZP_iicEkBfjCvWBEEjVDhHwwBEdgCDVWPilit2vKV0vmQsY5XyBTAEPXZTFjQZHPwhxQWEsXGY9jiUqdoFhjuwtAu9wc94H1elvNL6KfeM6Uu8xptSokoNFF3wcBHhSEXJwA/s1600/LiuXia_In_HK_1-300x168+Photo+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJVq9ItA_ZP_iicEkBfjCvWBEEjVDhHwwBEdgCDVWPilit2vKV0vmQsY5XyBTAEPXZTFjQZHPwhxQWEsXGY9jiUqdoFhjuwtAu9wc94H1elvNL6KfeM6Uu8xptSokoNFF3wcBHhSEXJwA/s640/LiuXia_In_HK_1-300x168+Photo+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Liu Xia installation with the “Empty Chair,” Hong Kong, June 9, 2012. Photo © 2012 by A. D. Coleman.</td></tr>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></o:p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">How Liu managed to reach a state of terminal liver cancer while
imprisoned and under the presumed supervision and care of the Xi Jinping regime
remains unexplained. He is the first Nobel Peace Prize winner to die in prison
since the anti-Nazi German pacifist Carl von Ossietzky in 1938.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">You’ll <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/13/world/asia/liu-xiaobo-dead.html" target="_blank"><span style="color: #0909db;">find his </span><em><span style="color: #0909db; text-decoration-line: none;">New York Times</span></em><span style="color: #0909db;"> obituary
here, written by Chris Buckley.</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ0TW97YGKragnOCD-2vnrKKATrpY5IRs2JI8_FMMrkgyzA2DHJjsHM2QXn0i9SjlKd0CMHAFDNodZzJWmeARaLXGZ4ObTz2dl0RnqQ1aKxEP61otZYB6vEsSlaFpuTqMK7uajB-ozR8U/s1600/BOUL005b-300x300+Photo+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="300" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZ0TW97YGKragnOCD-2vnrKKATrpY5IRs2JI8_FMMrkgyzA2DHJjsHM2QXn0i9SjlKd0CMHAFDNodZzJWmeARaLXGZ4ObTz2dl0RnqQ1aKxEP61otZYB6vEsSlaFpuTqMK7uajB-ozR8U/s640/BOUL005b-300x300+Photo+3.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lui Xia, “Untitled” (1996-99). Photograph © Liu Xia. </td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">Predictably, just hours after
Liu’s death </span><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/07/14/chinas-only-nobel-peace-prize-winner-died-in-state-custody-hours-later-trump-praised-xi-jinping/" target="_blank"><span style="background: white; color: #cc0000; line-height: 107%;">Donald
Trump praised China’s president, Xi Jinping</span></a><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">. Trump has yet to
acknowledge Liu’s death.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicAYVFUlIdtosYU9bnX9XRYexG-dmL00hPxmQel0GSWurco0mBu9Zfz0pmQLAc5cpTbhOXDxu_31XXbML8ZiYAL9v2gnbH2twBNNVVsAD5bvsm2W_Usm4gmcMLBzIOjghf5ja7PeJZKQg/s1600/2010-634273310693818414-381-300x179+Photo+4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="179" data-original-width="300" height="381" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicAYVFUlIdtosYU9bnX9XRYexG-dmL00hPxmQel0GSWurco0mBu9Zfz0pmQLAc5cpTbhOXDxu_31XXbML8ZiYAL9v2gnbH2twBNNVVsAD5bvsm2W_Usm4gmcMLBzIOjghf5ja7PeJZKQg/s640/2010-634273310693818414-381-300x179+Photo+4.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Liu Xiaobo and Liu Xia in an undated photo released by his family.</td></tr>
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<span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;"><o:p><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> </span></o:p></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Liu Xiaobo’s wife (now his
widow), the noted poet and photographer Liu Xia, has been under extralegal
house arrest since Liu Xiaobo received the Nobel prize, although she has been
neither charged nor convicted of any crime. Chinese officials refuse to
acknowledge even the fact of her detention. Chinese authorities allowed her to
visit her husband during his last days, under close police supervision; they
were never allowed to be alone together.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmLDqAUDHwPriOoUWpaejtGjpl-5qpVK__2blWzPdN52rXk0CWQRRm2k36YHpA5gYp7u6tqTh88eGYCpHajjJh9otndw4a9n6lM6gfFTQJodcx7hgzCXWi6KQIymcSjWc1syT4htn0tQM/s1600/Liu-Xia-02+Photo+5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="500" height="638" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmLDqAUDHwPriOoUWpaejtGjpl-5qpVK__2blWzPdN52rXk0CWQRRm2k36YHpA5gYp7u6tqTh88eGYCpHajjJh9otndw4a9n6lM6gfFTQJodcx7hgzCXWi6KQIymcSjWc1syT4htn0tQM/s640/Liu-Xia-02+Photo+5.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Untitled photograph by Liu Xia, © copyright 1996.</td></tr>
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<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">Liu’s body was cremated and
his ashes buried at sea, so that no gravesite exists that could serve as a
place of pilgrimage by his supporters.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinGM4If7IU-y1xOsL9TGOq7HRY9uE1p-wechgUfXTn-MtUWaWEjVbkbE-owQdEMs04dZOnrZe5yBaK7m4t58eGJZtpH8cg6-3zXam_nSxdEnboXWPoY87HTjBF86-jY_OblpIBPJ1HwS0/s1600/Liu_Xiaobo_Nonviolence_lg-300x191+Photo+6.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="191" data-original-width="300" height="407" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinGM4If7IU-y1xOsL9TGOq7HRY9uE1p-wechgUfXTn-MtUWaWEjVbkbE-owQdEMs04dZOnrZe5yBaK7m4t58eGJZtpH8cg6-3zXam_nSxdEnboXWPoY87HTjBF86-jY_OblpIBPJ1HwS0/s640/Liu_Xiaobo_Nonviolence_lg-300x191+Photo+6.gif" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">Liu Xia’s whereabouts are
currently unknown. Those close to her fear for her mental and physical health,
and her safety. With her husband now dead, she has become de facto the most
internationally recognized symbol of opposition to the oligarchy that rules
mainland China as a military dictatorship.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPtGHO8aJdZnIw-nji6pUF7VBVi-Lm7rjhY9_3prq6BJ1ibp22p2FOC1mmu-J05i8I86ymqHwZS_rZzOhwdoJ90FSqzXPPw2DGMPKm_SRAdYXRqnEuw1ho-EM3MIRMtVejlIlDr16ki38/s1600/Plainclothes-police-guard-outside-Liu-Xia-apartment-Beijing-5-25-12+photo+7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="205" data-original-width="277" height="473" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPtGHO8aJdZnIw-nji6pUF7VBVi-Lm7rjhY9_3prq6BJ1ibp22p2FOC1mmu-J05i8I86ymqHwZS_rZzOhwdoJ90FSqzXPPw2DGMPKm_SRAdYXRqnEuw1ho-EM3MIRMtVejlIlDr16ki38/s640/Plainclothes-police-guard-outside-Liu-Xia-apartment-Beijing-5-25-12+photo+7.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">(Full disclosure: In 2012-13
I assisted with the international tour of the photography exhibition “The
Silent Strength of Liu Xia,” organizing showings in Hong Kong, Taipei, Berlin,
Madrid, and Richmond, VA. Toward that end I developed and published the only
English-language website devoted to her work, </span><a href="https://www.nearbycafe.com/artandphoto/liuxiaphotos/" target="_blank"><span style="background: white; color: #0909db; line-height: 107%;">“Liu
Xia: Silent Strength.”</span></a><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;"> There you’ll
find information about her life and work, including a number of essays about
her — one of them by me, </span><a href="https://www.nearbycafe.com/artandphoto/liuxiaphotos/about-liu-xia/coleman-a-d-english/" target="_blank"><span style="background: white; color: #0909db; line-height: 107%;">“Freedom
Reflex: The Photographs of Liu Xia.”</span></a><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;"> The site also
includes downloadable pdf files of two catalogs of her work.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2D594Jfasm62ztWcp2GQL9mkOpmMZ1RwOgHC7zSsppXf4UqP37hxS89_Z_faohe4FkRtdRY9Pbfr5s6VIEdCcLGB9v5YJDjShDC49htZ1K9iqAN1csJQyHfyykF4Lp0qRWcxWxQBCLIg/s1600/Liu_Xia_NY_catalogue_2012_cover+Photo+8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="300" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2D594Jfasm62ztWcp2GQL9mkOpmMZ1RwOgHC7zSsppXf4UqP37hxS89_Z_faohe4FkRtdRY9Pbfr5s6VIEdCcLGB9v5YJDjShDC49htZ1K9iqAN1csJQyHfyykF4Lp0qRWcxWxQBCLIg/s640/Liu_Xia_NY_catalogue_2012_cover+Photo+8.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">With the ascension to power
in the PRC of Xi Jinping, my contacts in the circles around Liu Xiaobo and Liu
Xia asked me to suspend my efforts to circulate the exhibition, and the
development of the website, in hopes that the new regime in China would show
leniency toward these dissidents. Clearly that has not proved to be the case.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTaklONF6QX0xSJ7eCZpbLiFscENswCL1Dfm33dHSEPaNv0bOHTZx_PCLAJnMQwZD2lRBxRhWeqjEvwfuhlS9qLYS6ZXlgT_vwE77vQEYprlOQB7VkWNS38awcZvsC9BELIJTSa7CfUt4/s1600/Liu-Xia-40+Photo+9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="580" data-original-width="500" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTaklONF6QX0xSJ7eCZpbLiFscENswCL1Dfm33dHSEPaNv0bOHTZx_PCLAJnMQwZD2lRBxRhWeqjEvwfuhlS9qLYS6ZXlgT_vwE77vQEYprlOQB7VkWNS38awcZvsC9BELIJTSa7CfUt4/s640/Liu-Xia-40+Photo+9.jpg" width="550" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Untitled photograph by Liu Xia from the “Ugly Babies” series, © copyright 1996.</td></tr>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-22542204478112121912017-06-08T21:44:00.000-07:002017-06-08T21:44:02.049-07:00Ban Hydrofluoric Acid<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="https://safetorrancerefinery.wordpress.com/about-hydrofluoric-acid/">TRAA</a></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuqm37OUZmMoyP42WDIqtTmzpJWKwLdMSqWUgwA_EuXRQgFatJ3WNHJXsNJPhnbLOE9GLxCEMU3XfZKE5nQmC5LesPQCr_j0HvDE5PRvKemzSxhLOwFvJY_mwJ6pFEExW52O7Hg-RJUFY/s1600/3682132_orig+traa+article.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuqm37OUZmMoyP42WDIqtTmzpJWKwLdMSqWUgwA_EuXRQgFatJ3WNHJXsNJPhnbLOE9GLxCEMU3XfZKE5nQmC5LesPQCr_j0HvDE5PRvKemzSxhLOwFvJY_mwJ6pFEExW52O7Hg-RJUFY/s400/3682132_orig+traa+article.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">On February 18, 2015, an explosion in the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) unit at the Torrance ExxonMobil Refinery shook the community and registered 1.7 on the Richter scale. The explosion blasted off a chunk of the ESP the size of <i style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;">a </i><i style="box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit;">fully loaded semi-truck & trailer </i> (80,000 lb.). Falling from 12 stories up, it accelerated to 60 mph before crashing three feet from the acid settler tank containing 50,000 lb. of volatile and toxic modified hydrofluoric acid (MHF). At a January 2016 hearing, the federal Chemical Safety Board (CSB) investigated and declared this a “near miss” on a catastrophic MHF release. This information had not been made public by the refinery or the City of Torrance in its <a href="http://www.torranceca.gov/PDF/CITY_REPORT_ExxonMobil_FINAL_PRINT.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #e8554e; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; transition: 0.2s; word-break: break-word;">report on the explosion</a>; it first came to light from a <a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/exxonmobil-explosion-could-have-been-much-worse-reports-say/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #e8554e; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; transition: 0.2s; word-break: break-word;">CBS Evening News expose</a> in September 2015. According to the United Steel Workers International, “No industrial process risks more lives from a single accident than does… alkylation using HF,” because HF (and MHF) form a ground-hugging dense vapor HF cloud upon release.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">“We were really, really lucky… [This was] a near miss [on MHF]… It could have been much more catastrophic… If I were in the community I absolutely would be concerned.”</span></div>
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– US Chemical Safety Board Chairperson Vannessa Allen Sutherland</div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">ExxonMobil has denied CSB’s requests for information on the alkylation unit, where MHF is</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">used. This is what they have to hide: MHF was put in place by the 1990 Torrance-Mobil </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Consent Decree to “significantly reduce” the danger from hydrofluoric acid (HF). But MHF</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">is actually 90% HF and almost exactly as deadly. The safety claims made for MHF are bogus,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">and the public has been fooled.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">According to Vanessa Sutherland, the chairperson of the CSB, hydrofluoric acid (HF) is “one of the most hazardous and deadly chemicals.” With even minimal exposure, HF causes painful, slow-healing chemical burns and damages internal organs and bones. “In worst-case scenarios, at deadly levels, it causes asphyxiation because once inhaled it causes respiratory problems that build up fluid and you ultimately drown,” Sutherland said in an</span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/exxonmobil-explosion-could-have-been-much-worse-reports-say/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #e33028; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; line-height: inherit; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: 0.2s; word-break: break-word;">interview with CBS News</a><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">. Fluoride ions from HF can penetrate intact skin, enter the bloodstream, and bond with calcium, making it unavailable to the body. This can cause death or permanent organ damage. Symptoms can be delayed. For this reason, immediate medical attention is required for even modest exposure. <a href="https://safetorrancerefinery.wordpress.com/about-hydrofluoric-acid/">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-35856912519002109442017-06-07T18:14:00.001-07:002017-06-07T18:14:21.372-07:00The Gentlemen's Club<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is a shocking fact that after sinking The Gentlemen's Club in oil. Plains All American Pipeline was rescued from allowing the oil in the broken pipeline to also flood into the Los Angeles River. </span><br />
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<span class="watch-title " dir="ltr" id="eow-title" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" title="THE GENTLEMENS CLUB 5175 San Fernando RD Los Angeles CA 90039">THE GENTLEMENS CLUB 5175 San Fernando RD Los Angeles CA 90039</span></h1>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-19606721175527140482017-05-29T12:46:00.005-07:002017-05-29T12:46:51.131-07:00Tech TalkAt WorkTest and Measurement Differential Lidar Catches "Fugitive" Methane on the Fly<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/at-work/test-and-measurement/catching-fugitive-methane-on-the-fly">IE</a></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><a href="http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/at-work/test-and-measurement/catching-fugitive-methane-on-the-fly">EE Spectrum</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 14px;">By </span><span class="author-name" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: initial; font-size: 14px;">Douglas McCormick</span><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 14px;"></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Posted <label style="box-sizing: initial; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;">29 May 2017 | 16:00 GMT</label></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><figcaption class="hi-cap" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: initial; color: #565656; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 4px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Image: Steve Karcher, Ball Aerospace</span></figcaption><figcaption style="background-color: white; box-sizing: initial; color: #565656; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The methane plume imaged from a light aircraft by Methane Monitor: real-time [left] and processed [right].</span></figcaption><figcaption style="background-color: white; box-sizing: initial; color: #565656; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></figcaption><figcaption style="background-color: white; box-sizing: initial; color: #565656; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></figcaption><figcaption style="background-color: white; box-sizing: initial; color: #565656; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 18px; text-align: left;"><div style="box-sizing: initial; color: black; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 1em;">
In 2015, methane accounted for <a href="https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/inventoryexplorer/#allsectors/allgas/gas/all" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: initial; color: black; outline: 0px;">655 million kilograms </a> of the 7.1 billion kilograms of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere of the United States alone. The energy sector was responsible for just under half of the methane released, <a href="https://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/inventoryexplorer/#iallsectors/methane/inventsect/all" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: initial; color: black; outline: 0px;">about 279 million kg</a>—lost product with a value of hundreds of millions of dollars.</div>
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So <a href="http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/environment/private-satellite-to-track-carbon-polluters" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: initial; color: black; outline: 0px;">detecting leaks</a> from the 2.6 million miles of natural gas pipelines snaking across America is properly both a business and an environmental priority. Air surveillance has reduced serious pipeline leaks by 39 percent since 2009, but there have still been 250 serious incidents in the past 8 years. These include a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Bruno_pipeline_explosion" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: initial; color: black; outline: 0px;">San Bruno, Calif., pipeline blast</a> that killed eight people in 2010 and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliso_Canyon_gas_leak" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: initial; color: black; outline: 0px;">Aliso Canyon leak</a> in 2016—which released about 97 million kilograms of methane, essentially doubling the Greater Los Angeles area’s usual volume of methane emissions from all sources for a three month period.</div>
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Until now, efforts to detect what the industry calls “fugitive emissions” have been constrained by the instrument sensitivity and response times. Airborne surveillance required low-flying, slow-moving, expensive-to-run helicopters.</div>
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A new approach increases sensitivity and tightens control of timing and synchronization to permit the system to operate at higher speeds and higher altitudes—allowing a shift from helicopters to faster-moving, higher-flying single-engine, fixed-wing aircraft, which are less expensive to own and operate. The innovation earned Ball Aerospace & Technologies engineers Steve Karcher, Phil Lyman, and Jarett Bartholomew the <a href="http://sine.ni.com/cs/app/doc/p/id/cs-17379" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: initial; color: black; outline: 0px;">Engineering Impact Award for Energy</a> at NIWeek 2017 in Austin, Tex. The award was presented on 23 May. <a href="http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/at-work/test-and-measurement/catching-fugitive-methane-on-the-fly">MORE</a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-51797671769292439452017-05-29T12:09:00.001-07:002017-05-29T12:09:33.240-07:00Global climate projections help civil engineers plan<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2017/may/25/global-climate-projections-help-civil-engineers-plan">The Guardian </a></span><br />
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NOTE: Relevant to the use of Geopolymers<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"> Spaghetti Junction near Birmingham, England. Photograph: Jason Hawkes/Getty Images</td></tr>
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People who work on building infrastructure understand the risks of climate change. As the Earth warms, new stresses are applied to our buildings, bridges, roads, houses, and other structures. Some of the obvious threats to infrastructure are from extreme weather including heat waves, storms, and intense rainfalls. There are some other less obvious threats, and many of the threats vary by location.</div>
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Regardless, the planning for infrastructure relies upon a reasonable estimation of future climate changes. To help quantify such an estimate for the civil engineering community, <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/jfoen.17.00002" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">a recent paper</a> was published by the <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/toc/jfoen/current" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Institution of Civil Engineering Journal of Forensic Engineering</a> (I was fortunate to be a coauthor). The article was prepared with the collaboration of <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="http://www.meteo.psu.edu/holocene/public_html/Mann/index.php" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Dr. Michael Mann</a> from Penn State University and <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="http://english.cas.cn/newsroom/research_news/201506/t20150617_148976.shtml" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Dr. Lijing Cheng from the Chinese Institute of Atmospheric Physics</a>. </div>
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The paper in question does not uncover new facts. We didn’t discover past warming that wasn’t known. We didn’t create new predictions that were previously uncreated. Rather, we assembled available information to provide a solid basis that can be used for future plans involving infrastructure. <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-consensus-97-per-cent/2017/may/25/global-climate-projections-help-civil-engineers-plan">MORE</a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-20144470496984038222017-05-23T14:14:00.002-07:002017-05-23T14:14:22.682-07:00Brits Threaten Assange As Swedes Abandon Sex Smear<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://www.justice-integrity.org/1263-brits-threaten-assange-as-swedes-abandon-sex-smear?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+JusticeIntegrityProject+%28Justice+Integrity+Project%29">Justice Integrity Project </a></span><br />
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<li class="createdby hasTooltip" data-original-title="Written by " itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; list-style-type: none; margin-right: 10px; padding: 0px;" title=""><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span itemprop="name" style="box-sizing: inherit;">Andrew Kreig</span> </span></li>
<li class="create" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; list-style-type: none; margin-right: 10px; padding: 0px;"><time datetime="2017-05-21T15:46:59+00:00" itemprop="dateCreated" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">May 21, 2017</span></time></li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimIZIJVdJg5Y9AamwHbUSsurbxudCA2aFyfYtPnQJkBZ-rKXwO1JcSNgcmNIJOW6voG59RjuU5EBqDR7Z_fla9FzOJu3Ae7yuVM1Uov7e6Bw__J9xMSFFHf-HEoqvJm2XU41UYHDVbGb0/s1600/julian-assange-and-swedens-politically-appointed-judges-indicter-graphic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimIZIJVdJg5Y9AamwHbUSsurbxudCA2aFyfYtPnQJkBZ-rKXwO1JcSNgcmNIJOW6voG59RjuU5EBqDR7Z_fla9FzOJu3Ae7yuVM1Uov7e6Bw__J9xMSFFHf-HEoqvJm2XU41UYHDVbGb0/s320/julian-assange-and-swedens-politically-appointed-judges-indicter-graphic.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">British authorities threatened WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange with arrest on a bond-jumping charge last week after their Swedish counterparts gave up trying to investigate Assange on what appears to have been a dubious series of sex claims that have been pending against him for nearly seven years since his 2010 speaking trip to Stockholm.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 15.6px;">The British effort, if pursued aggressively with threatened punishment beyond the norm, would further compound a travesty of justice that has already disgraced the Swedish and British legal systems.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Swedes have wasted vast amounts of taxpayer money for the probe, as have the British in the latter's around-the-clock surveillance of Assange for years cost millions of pounds. The evidence suggest that both nations have undertaken such extraordinary actions to thwart WikiLeaks and not to investigate claims arising out of consensual sex with two Swedish women who invited Assange to sleep with them separately before complaints arose. <a href="http://www.justice-integrity.org/1263-brits-threaten-assange-as-swedes-abandon-sex-smear?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+JusticeIntegrityProject+%28Justice+Integrity+Project%29">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-9965805813082627932017-05-18T13:13:00.002-07:002017-05-18T13:13:32.132-07:00 The CIA Didn’t Just Torture, It Experimented on Human Beings<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/cia-didnt-just-torture-it-experimented-human-beings/">The Nation</a><br /><br /><br />By <a href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/lisa-hajjar/">Lisa Hajjar</a><br />DECEMBER 16, 2014<br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i>Reframing the CIA’s interrogation techniques as a violation of scientific and medical ethics may be the best way to achieve accountability.</i></span></span><div>
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Human experimentation was a core feature of the CIA’s torture program. The experimental nature of the interrogation and detention techniques is clearly evident in the Senate Intelligence Committee’s executive summary of its investigative report, despite redactions (insisted upon by the CIA) to obfuscate the locations of these laboratories of cruel science and the identities of perpetrators.</div>
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At the helm of this human experimentation project were two psychologists hired by the CIA, James Mitchell and Bruce Jessen. They designed interrogation and detention protocols that they and others applied to people imprisoned in the agency’s secret “black sites.”</div>
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In its response to the Senate report, the CIA justified its decision to hire the duo: “We believe their expertise was so unique that we would have been derelict had we not sought them out when it became clear that CIA would be heading into the uncharted territory of the program.” Mitchell and Jessen’s qualifications did not include interrogation experience, specialized knowledge about Al Qaeda or relevant cultural or linguistic knowledge. What they had was Air Force experience in studying the effects of torture on American prisoners of war, as well as a curiosity about whether theories of “learned helplessness” derived from experiments on dogs might work on human enemies. <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/cia-didnt-just-torture-it-experimented-human-beings/">MORE</a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-47784415673931665822017-05-15T19:00:00.000-07:002017-05-15T19:00:10.334-07:00Time Line - Invading Iraq for Oil and Power<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11pt;">They wanted war and lied to have it –
The </span></b><a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2011/12/leadup-iraq-war-timeline"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Mother Jones Time Line</span></a><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">January 20, </span></b><em><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">2001</span></em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"> - George
W. Bush is Inagurated as President of the United States. We now know he was not
legally elected.</span><b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">February 3, 2001</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> - <i>National Security Council (NSC) directed </i>NSC staff to cooperate
fully with the Energy Task Force as it considered the “melding” of two
seemingly unrelated areas of policy: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">“<b>The review of operational
policies towards rogue states</b>,” such as Iraq, and “<b>actions regarding the capture of new and existing oil and gas fields</b>”.
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">It is confirmed that these oil companies attending the meeting. Officials from Exxon Mobil Corp., Conoco
(before its merger with Phillips), Shell Oil Co. and BP America Inc. From: </span><a href="http://www.washingtonsblog.com/2008/07/did-cheney-and-the-oil-bigs-plan-the-iraq-war-before-911.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Washingtons
Blog</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> and </span><a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/15/AR2005111501842.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Washington
Post</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20060421083640/http:/www.judicialwatch.org/IraqOilFrgnSuitors.pdf"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Foreign
Suitors for Iraqi Oilfield Contracts</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> Part One
– Judicial Watch</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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Suitors for Iraqi Oilfield Contracts</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> Part Two –
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<a href="http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/01/10/oneill.bush/"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">CNN interviews</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> former
Treasury Secretary, Paul O'Neill, who says, "From the very beginning,
there was a conviction that Saddam Hussein was a bad person and that he needed
to go," O'Neill told CBS, according to excerpts released Saturday by the
network. "For me, the notion of pre-emption, that the U.S. has the
unilateral right to do whatever we decide to do, is a really huge leap." <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">September 11, 2001</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> – The World Trade Center in NY and the Pentagon
are hit, sending shock waves around the Globe.
The world reaches out to American in sympathy. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 9pt;">Published: Wednesday May 2, 2007</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="http://rawstory.com/news/2007/Hours_after_911_attacks_Rumsfeld_allegedly_0502.html"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">Hours after 9/11 attacks, Rumsfeld allegedly said, 'My interest is
to hit Saddam'</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt;"> </span></a><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="http://rawstory.com/"><strong><span style="color: red; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;">RAW STORY</span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="color: #cc3300; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">September 28, 2001</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> – Osama ben Laden catagorically
denies having any part of the attack on NY and the Pentagon in an interview
published in <em>Ummat, a Pakistani daily published in Karachi on September 28, 2001. The
interview was translated into English by the BBC World Monitoring Service and
made public on September 29, 2001. </em></span><o:p></o:p></div>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img align="left" height="123" hspace="10" src="file:///C:/Users/Owner/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" width="84" /><!--[endif]--><em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">During the
interview ben Laden said, </span></em><em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-style: normal;">“I have already said that I am
not involved in the 11 September attacks in the United States. As a Muslim, I
try my best to avoid telling a lie. I had no knowledge of these attacks, nor do
I consider the killing of innocent women, children, and other humans as an
appreciable act. Islam strictly forbids causing harm to innocent women,
children, and other people. </span></em><em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">From: </span></em><a href="http://www.globalresearch.ca/interview-with-osama-bin-laden-denies-his-involvement-in-9-11/24697"><em><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "georgia" , serif; text-decoration-line: none;">Global Research</span></em></a><strong><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><br />
</span></i></strong><em><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-style: normal;"><br />
Such a practice is forbidden ever in the course of a battle. It is the United
States, which is perpetrating every maltreatment on women, children, and common
people of other faiths, particularly the followers of Islam. All that is going
on in Palestine for the last 11 months is sufficient to call the wrath of God
upon the United States and Israel.”</span></em><span style="color: #cc3300; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="color: #cc3300; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">October 7, 2001</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">
- T</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt; font-weight: normal;">he United States and a coalition force launch
Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.
which, under Taliban control, had provided a safe haven for Osama bin
Laden while he and other al-Qaeda leaders plotted attacks against the Western
world. President Bush declares a war on terrorism and vows to hold states
responsible for harboring terrorist organizations.<span style="mso-text-raise: 4.5pt; position: relative; top: -4.5pt;">4</span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; position: relative; top: -4.0pt;">October 8, 2001</span></b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; position: relative; top: -3.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; position: relative; top: -4.0pt;">- The Office of Homeland Security, later to
become the Department of Homeland Security, is established.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">October 9, 2001</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> - Letters containing anthrax were sent to Senate
Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy and Senate Majority Leader Tom
Daschle. </span><a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/terror/anthrax.html#ref1"><span style="color: #d00000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">1</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> Both
senators had been attempting to slow the passage of the </span><a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/legislation/usapatriot.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">USA PATRIOT
Act</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">. Just seven days before the incident, Leahy accused the Bush
administration of reneging on an agreement on the bill. </span><a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/terror/anthrax.html#ref2"><span style="color: #d00000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">2</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> </span><a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/terror/anthrax.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">9/11 Research </span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">October 26, 2001</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> – Patriot Act - President Bush
signs into law the USA Patriot Act, which greatly expands domestic law
enforcement capacity to conduct surveillance and wiretaps, increases
presidential powers during a terrorist attack and tightens federal oversight of
financial activities. Concerns soon arise over restriction of civil liberties. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">November 8, 2001</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> - </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">The New York
Times and the PBS program “Frontline” report that an Iraqi defector, an army
general, claims that the Iraqi military trained Arab fighters to hijack
airplanes. These claims could not be substantiated and one of the defectors is
later exposed by Mother Jones to be using a false identity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">December 3, 2001</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> – Bush denounces Saddam Hussein
as evil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">December 5, 2001 </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">- I</span>nterim government
placed in Afghanistan <span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">December 9, 2001 </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">- </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The city of Kandaharis surrendered by
the Taliban. Osama ben Laden is traced
to the Tora Bora caves. Al-Qaeda leaders continue hiding in the mountains, </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">August 26, 2002</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">- Dick Cheney publicly states, “Simply stated,
there is no doubt that Saddam Hussein now has weapons of mass destruction.” <strong><span style="color: #801900;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">September 16, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> Iraq agrees
unconditionally to the return of inspectors. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">September 19, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> - </span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Iraqi Foreign Minister Naji Sabri delivers
a letter to the United Nations from Saddam Hussein stating that Iraq has no
chemical, nuclear or biological weapons. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">October 1, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> The United Nations and Iraq agree on terms
they say are consistent with existing U.N. resolutions. The United States
threatens to veto unless a U.S. resolution is approved that would allow
military action for non-compliance by Iraq. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #661900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">November 8, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> - </span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">The U.N. Security Council passes </span><a href="http://unscr.com/en/resolutions/1441"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Resolution
1441</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">November 13, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Iraq delivers a letter to U.N. Secretary
General </span><a href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/27/world/africa/kofi-annan-fast-facts/index.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Kofi Annan</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, accepting the terms set forth in
resolution 1441. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">November 27, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Inspections resume in Iraq. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">December 7, 2002</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> Iraq submits a 12,000 page report on its
WMD programs. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">January 16, 2003 - </span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Inspectors
discover 12 chemical warheads, 11 of them empty, at the Ukhaider ammunition
storage area. CNN</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">January 20, 2003 - </span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">After
two days of negotiation, Hans Blix, </span><a href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/03/world/meast/mohamed-elbaradei-fast-facts/index.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Mohamed ElBaradei</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">, and Iraqi officials reach an agreement
about Iraqi cooperation and concessions regarding the inspections. CNN</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">February 5, 2003 -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
</span><a href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/08/20/us/colin-powell-fast-facts/index.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Secretary of State Colin Powell</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> briefs the U.N. Security Council on
inspections. He presents evidence that the United States says proves Iraq has
misled inspectors and hid proscribed weapons and equipment. CNN</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">February 14, 2003 -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
Blix and ElBaradei brief the U.N. Security Council. Blix reports that the
inspectors have not yet found any weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. Blix
also reports that Iraq is in violation of U.N. resolutions concerning its al
Samoud 2 missile program. CNN</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">February 19, 2003 - </span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">Inspectors
visit the Ibn al Haytham factory northwest of Baghdad and tag 32 al Samoud II
missiles. CNN</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">February 27, 2003 -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;">
Iraq agrees to destroy the country's al Samoud II missile stock. However, the
letter doesn't specify a date that the missile destruction will begin.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">March 10, 2003 -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif;"> It is revealed that Iraq possesses drone
aircraft that could have been used to launch a chemical or biological attack
against other countries. The plane has a wingspan of 24 feet five inches, which
suggests that it could fly further than 150km/93 miles, which is the limit
imposed by U.N. resolutions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #801900; font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">March 16, 2003</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> – Dick Cheney publicly states, “And we believe he has, in fact,
reconstituted nuclear weapons.”
Statement made just three days before the invasion.<strong><o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
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<strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">March 18, 2003 -</span></strong><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> Inspectors withdraw from Iraq.</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">March 20, 2003</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"> – Bush
announces the start of a war against Iraq. Allied forces begin the campaign
with strikes on military targets, including an attempt to kill Saddam Hussein. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">April 9, 2003</span></b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 11.0pt;"> - Saddam
Hussein's rule collapses in a matter of hours as much of Baghdad comes under
American control. Across much of the capital, Iraqis take to the streets to
topple statues of Mr. Hussein, loot government ministries and interrogation
centers, and give a cheering, often tearful welcome to advancing American
troops. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 9pt;">Published: Wednesday May 2, 2007</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="http://rawstory.com/news/2007/Hours_after_911_attacks_Rumsfeld_allegedly_0502.html"><span style="color: black; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">Hours after 9/11 attacks, Rumsfeld allegedly said, 'My interest is
to hit Saddam'</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt;"> </span></a><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="http://rawstory.com/"><strong><span style="color: red; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;">RAW STORY</span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">“</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">According to NBC's chief Pentagon correspondent,
former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld said that his "interest is to hit
Saddam Hussein" just hours after the attacks on September 11, 2001,
"even though all indications pointed at al-Qaida as the guilty
party," a Rhode Island newspaper reports.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">At the annual Business Expo at the Rhode Island Convention Center
Tuesday, NBC's Jim Miklaszewski "advanced a theme garnering attention
since former CIA director George J. Tenet made his public revelations last
week," writes Tom Mooney for the <i>Providence
Journal</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">"Some things are right on the mark, when he says the Bush
administration appeared predisposed to attack Iraq," Miklaszewski says of
Tenet's book <i>At the Center of the Storm</i>.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Quote from Dick Cheney from </span><a href="http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/cheney_dick/"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">RightWeb </span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> -<i> “During the lead up to the invasion of
Iraq, for example, he said that there was “no doubt” that the Saddam Hussein
regime had “weapons of mass destruction” and predicted that Iraqis would greet
U.S. troops as “liberators.” In 2005, Cheney insisted that the Iraqi insurgency
was in its final stages. Faced with criticism for his mistaken views, Cheney
has been unrepentant, arguing in July 2014: “I look back on it now, [the
invasion of Iraq] was absolutely the right thing to do.”</i></span><a href="http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/cheney_dick/#_edn1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">[1]</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">” </span></i><o:p></o:p></div>
<h4>
<a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/letter-from-washington"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Letter from
Washington</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> </span><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2004/02/16"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">February 16, 2004 Issue </span></a><o:p></o:p></h4>
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<a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2004/02/16/contract-sport"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Contract Sport</span></a><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">What did the Vice-President do for Halliburton?</span></i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">By Jane Mayer </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">The list of cronies and how they used war for their own benefit is
frightening. The asserted, self-serving
meme that America is, according to daughter, Elizabeth Cheney, <i>“We know that
America is the exceptional nation, and that there is no substitute for American
leadership around the world.”</i></span><a href="http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/cheney_dick/#_edn4"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">[4]</span></i></a><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">is a chilling reminder of the constructed reality these people have built,
which allows them to ignore the swimming pools of blood draining from their
victims. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">As the Invasion forces from America left, for what proved to be a
temporary hiatus, the oil companies who had signed on with Cheney before 9/11
remained to steal the natural resource of this devestated nation. Aljezeera - </span><a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2011/12/2011122813134071641.html"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">Western oil
firms remain as US exits Iraq</span></a><span style="font-family: "georgia" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;"> by Dahr
Jamail</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-40886760330488750042017-05-15T18:58:00.003-07:002017-05-15T18:58:56.420-07:00Life is cheap in Palestine...<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://jpstillwater.blogspot.com/2017/05/life-is-cheap-in-palestine.html"> Jane Stillwater </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">by Jane Stillwater </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> In apartheid Israel right now, 1,500 Palestinian political prisoners are currently in the fourth week of a hunger strike, protesting against the brutal (American-blessed) neo-colonialist occupation of their homes in the West Bank. Many of the hunger strikers are now close to death. <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://mondoweiss.net/2017/04/israelis-palestinian-prisoners/&source=gmail&ust=1494984835195000&usg=AFQjCNFyAj9ma5-XOPEA-sOp4NctayV2Fg" href="http://mondoweiss.net/2017/04/israelis-palestinian-prisoners/" id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108085" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://mondoweiss.net/2017/04/<wbr></wbr>israelis-palestinian-<wbr></wbr>prisoners/</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> "What do we care if they die," say their Israeli occupiers. "They are sub-human anyway. They are more like animals than people. That would just mean 1,500 fewer Palestinian dogs to get in our way." <i id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108089">Lebenstraum</i> is important in Israel. <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20170421-that-barbecue-outside-a-hunger-strike-prison-exposes-israeli-settlers-blind-hatred/&source=gmail&ust=1494984835195000&usg=AFQjCNGdLPPabytuUIa88AucS947cI0DAg" href="https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20170421-that-barbecue-outside-a-hunger-strike-prison-exposes-israeli-settlers-blind-hatred/" id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108090" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">https://www.middleeastmonitor.<wbr></wbr>com/20170421-that-barbecue-<wbr></wbr>outside-a-hunger-strike-<wbr></wbr>prison-exposes-israeli-<wbr></wbr>settlers-blind-hatred/</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> And life is cheap in Yemen too. The Saudis (with America's blessing) are planning to starve 28 million Yemenis to death. "What do we care," say the Saudis. "They have oil. We want oil. End of discussion." <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/40147-the-us-provided-cover-for-the-saudi-starvation-strategy-in-yemen&source=gmail&ust=1494984835195000&usg=AFQjCNFUIvHDCHJu4U2ywg4ooZzw-yeLaQ" href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/40147-the-us-provided-cover-for-the-saudi-starvation-strategy-in-yemen" id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108094" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://www.truth-out.org/news/<wbr></wbr>item/40147-the-us-provided-<wbr></wbr>cover-for-the-saudi-<wbr></wbr>starvation-strategy-in-yemen</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> And, just like in Yemen and Palestine, life is cheap in America too. "Let's send more troops off to Syria," Americans say, also giving their blessing to this illegal "war" for oil. But Syria is just like Iraq and Afghanistan -- more American troops will be slaughtered there in yet another deceitful neo-colonialist bid for more oil pipelines and more oil. "Hey, it's not like we don't <i id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108103">pay</i> those dogfaces and grunts for their service," say the boys in Washington DC. How much for an American soldier's life? Not much. And the price keeps getting lower and lower. <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.militarytimes.com/story/military/benefits/2016/05/21/shrinking-military-paycheck-2017/84546824/&source=gmail&ust=1494984835195000&usg=AFQjCNFJIFGXkMJs2QbORKR8gkrn31ZA5g" href="http://www.militarytimes.com/story/military/benefits/2016/05/21/shrinking-military-paycheck-2017/84546824/" id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108104" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://www.militarytimes.com/<wbr></wbr>story/military/benefits/2016/<wbr></wbr>05/21/shrinking-military-<wbr></wbr>paycheck-2017/84546824/</a></span></div>
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<span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108120"><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108121" style="font-size: small;"><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108122" style="font-size: xx-small;"><b id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108123"><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108124" style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"> Stop Wall Street and War Street from destroying our world.</span></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108132"><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108133" style="font-size: small;">And while you're at it, please buy my books! </span></span><b id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108134"><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108135" style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108136" style="color: navy;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://straitwellbooks.blogspot.com/2016/04/our-top-best-seller-right-now-is-bring.html&source=gmail&ust=1494984835196000&usg=AFQjCNGZYRFmRPge4-0MFKdallCBtcfwqQ" href="http://straitwellbooks.blogspot.com/2016/04/our-top-best-seller-right-now-is-bring.html" id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108137" rel="nofollow" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://straitwellbooks.<wbr></wbr>blogspot.com/2016/04/our-top-<wbr></wbr>best-seller-right-now-is-<wbr></wbr>bring.html</a></span> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> Plus here's a sneak preview of my latest book, a thrilling murder mystery entitled "Road Trip to Damascus," hopefully coming out by the end of 2017: <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://straitwellbooks.blogspot.com/2017/05/new-book-by-straitwell-press-coming-out.html&source=gmail&ust=1494984835196000&usg=AFQjCNFmP1zNf8e7USYDZaP7GUDLBMKEbA" href="http://straitwellbooks.blogspot.com/2017/05/new-book-by-straitwell-press-coming-out.html" id="m_5309206768802166371yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1494866897475_108145" rel="nofollow" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">http://straitwellbooks.<wbr></wbr>blogspot.com/2017/05/new-book-<wbr></wbr>by-straitwell-press-coming-<wbr></wbr>out.html</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-2251424185724922742017-05-12T11:49:00.000-07:002017-05-12T11:49:11.334-07:00Time Line - Healing from Unjust War<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>They wanted war and lied to have it –
The </b><a href="http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2011/12/leadup-iraq-war-timeline"><b><span style="color: black;">Mother Jones Time Line</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">January 20, <em>2001</em></span></b> - George W. Bush is Inagurated as President
of the United States. We now know he was not legally elected.<b><span style="color: #801900;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">February 3, 2001</span></b> - <i>National Security Council (NSC) directed </i>NSC staff to cooperate
fully with the Energy Task Force as it considered the “melding” of two
seemingly unrelated areas of policy: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“<b>The review of operational
policies towards rogue states</b>,” such as Iraq, and “<b>actions regarding the capture of new and existing oil and gas fields</b>”.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It is confirmed that these oil companies attending the meeting. Officials from Exxon Mobil Corp., Conoco
(before its merger with Phillips), Shell Oil Co. and BP America Inc. From: <a href="http://www.washingtonsblog.com/2008/07/did-cheney-and-the-oil-bigs-plan-the-iraq-war-before-911.html">Washingtons
Blog</a> and <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/15/AR2005111501842.html">Washington
Post</a>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20060421083640/http:/www.judicialwatch.org/IraqOilFrgnSuitors.pdf">Foreign
Suitors for Iraqi Oilfield Contracts</a> Part One
– Judicial Watch<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20060602153600/http:/www.judicialwatch.org/IraqOilGasProj.pdf">Foreign
Suitors for Iraqi Oilfield Contracts</a> Part Two –
Judicial Watch <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/01/10/oneill.bush/">CNN interviews</a> former
Treasury Secretary, Paul O'Neill, who says, "From the very beginning,
there was a conviction that Saddam Hussein was a bad person and that he needed
to go," O'Neill told CBS, according to excerpts released Saturday by the
network. "For me, the notion of pre-emption, that the U.S. has the
unilateral right to do whatever we decide to do, is a really huge leap." <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>September 11, 2001</b> – The World Trade Center in NY and the Pentagon
are hit, sending shock waves around the Globe.
The world reaches out to American in sympathy. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Published: Wednesday May 2, 2007<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://rawstory.com/news/2007/Hours_after_911_attacks_Rumsfeld_allegedly_0502.html"><b><span style="color: black;">Hours after 9/11
attacks, Rumsfeld allegedly said, 'My interest is to hit Saddam'</span></b>
</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://rawstory.com/"><strong><span style="color: red; text-decoration-line: none;">RAW STORY</span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGLhvD7vCKlDXIna22zAVXq-N5rUG0d3HzNQ-sSmXBYdKLAUjLNwz4ihHNuHw4YZI3Z9UZaorTz_O5DJCL6yv3ac4dHlCb8qpQcybA-3IuFRjp8FLhlM8vs4JVbozn63EM5j1eZLyqK60/s1600/Osama+ben+Laden.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGLhvD7vCKlDXIna22zAVXq-N5rUG0d3HzNQ-sSmXBYdKLAUjLNwz4ihHNuHw4YZI3Z9UZaorTz_O5DJCL6yv3ac4dHlCb8qpQcybA-3IuFRjp8FLhlM8vs4JVbozn63EM5j1eZLyqK60/s320/Osama+ben+Laden.jpg" width="212" /></span></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #cc3300;">September 28, 2001</span></b> – Osama ben Laden catagorically
denies having any part of the attack on NY and the Pentagon in an interview
published in <em>Ummat, a Pakistani daily published in </em><em>Karachi on
September 28, 2001. The interview was translated into English by the BBC World
Monitoring Service and made public on September 29, 2001. </em></span></div>
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<em style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">During the interview ben Laden said, </em><em style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-style: normal;">“I have already said that I am not involved in the 11 September attacks
in the United States. As a Muslim, I try my best to avoid telling a lie. I had
no knowledge of these attacks, nor do I consider the killing of innocent women,
children, and other humans as an appreciable act. Islam strictly forbids
causing harm to innocent women, children, and other people. </span></em><em style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">From: </em><a href="http://www.globalresearch.ca/interview-with-osama-bin-laden-denies-his-involvement-in-9-11/24697" style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><em><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration-line: none;">Global Research</span></em></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<em><div style="text-align: justify;">
<em><span style="font-style: normal;">Such a practice is forbidden ever in the course of a battle. It is the United
States, which is perpetrating every maltreatment on women, children, and common
people of other faiths, particularly the followers of Islam. All that is going
on in Palestine for the last 11 months is sufficient to call the wrath of God
upon the United States and Israel.”</span></em></div>
</em></span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><span style="color: #cc3300;">October 7, 2001</span>
- T<span style="font-weight: normal;">he United States and a coalition force launch
Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.
which, under Taliban control, had provided a safe haven for Osama bin
Laden while he and other al-Qaeda leaders plotted attacks against the Western
world. President Bush declares a war on terrorism and vows to hold states
responsible for harboring terrorist organizations.<span style="mso-text-raise: 5.5pt; position: relative; top: -5.5pt;">4</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900; position: relative; top: -4pt;">October 8, 2001</span></b><span style="color: #801900; position: relative; top: -3pt;"> </span><span style="position: relative; top: -4pt;">- The Office of Homeland Security, later to
become the Department of Homeland Security, is established.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">October 9, 2001</span></b> - Letters containing anthrax were sent to Senate
Judiciary Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy and Senate Majority Leader Tom
Daschle. <a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/terror/anthrax.html#ref1"><span style="color: #d00000;">1</span></a> Both
senators had been attempting to slow the passage of the <a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/legislation/usapatriot.html">USA PATRIOT
Act</a>. Just seven days before the incident, Leahy accused the Bush
administration of reneging on an agreement on the bill. <a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/terror/anthrax.html#ref2"><span style="color: #d00000;">2</span></a> <a href="http://911research.wtc7.net/post911/terror/anthrax.html">9/11 Research </a> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">October 26, 2001</span></b> – Patriot Act - President Bush
signs into law the USA Patriot Act, which greatly expands domestic law
enforcement capacity to conduct surveillance and wiretaps, increases
presidential powers during a terrorist attack and tightens federal oversight of
financial activities. Concerns soon arise over restriction of civil liberties. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">November 8, 2001</span></b><b> - </b>The New York
Times and the PBS program “Frontline” report that an Iraqi defector, an army
general, claims that the Iraqi military trained Arab fighters to hijack
airplanes. These claims could not be substantiated and one of the defectors is
later exposed by Mother Jones to be using a false identity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">December 3, 2001</span></b> – Bush denounces Saddam Hussein
as evil.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">December 5, 2001 </span></b>- Interim government
placed in Afghanistan <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">December 9, 2001 </span></b><b>- </b>The city of Kandaharis surrendered by
the Taliban. Osama ben Laden is traced
to the Tora Bora caves. Al-Qaeda leaders continue hiding in the mountains, <b><span style="color: #801900;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">April 4, 2002</span></b> - <i>“I made up my mind that Saddam needs to
go.”</i> - Bush<b><span style="color: #801900;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">April 18, 2002</span></b> - Democratically elected Venezuelan President
Hugo Chavez is removed from power in a military coup. The Bush Administration
blames Chavez for his own downfall and recognizes the interim government of
businessman Pedro Carmona. Officials from the Organization of American States
tell the London Observer that the United States sanctioned the coup and that
Carmona and his fellow plotters had been received at the White House by Bush's
key Latin America policy maker. Carmona dissolves the Venezuelan congress and
suspends the constitution. Governments across the Western Hemisphere condemn
the coup. Chavez is reinstalled 48 hours later. Mother Jones Time Line <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">August 26, 2002</span></b><b> </b>- Dick Cheney publicly states, “Simply stated,
there is no doubt that Saddam Hussein now has weapons of mass destruction.” <strong><span style="color: #801900;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #801900;">September 16, 2002</span></strong><strong> -</strong> Iraq agrees
unconditionally to the return of inspectors. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #801900;">September 19, 2002</span></strong><strong> - </strong>Iraqi Foreign
Minister Naji Sabri delivers a letter to the United Nations from Saddam Hussein
stating that Iraq has no chemical, nuclear or biological weapons. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #801900;">October 1, 2002</span></strong><strong> -</strong> The United
Nations and Iraq agree on terms they say are consistent with existing U.N.
resolutions. The United States threatens to veto unless a U.S. resolution is
approved that would allow military action for non-compliance by Iraq. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">November 1, 2002</span></b> - High-level CIA operatives
stationed in the Middle East gather in London for a secret meeting. They are
told war is inevitable, and just a few months away, according to James Risen's
book, "State of War." <a href="http://www.motherjones.com/bush_war_timeline">Lie by Lie: The Mother Jones Iraq
War Timeline </a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #661900;">November 8, 2002</span></strong><strong> - </strong>The U.N.
Security Council passes <a href="http://unscr.com/en/resolutions/1441">Resolution
1441</a>. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">November 9, 2002</span></b> – An ordinary American becomes
aware of events which point to a conspiracy for invasion. “Articles appeared from <a href="http://www.nbcnews.com/id/9864433/ns/world_news-mideast_n_africa/t/did-saddam-accept-exile-offer-invasion/#.V4MP3DWVWYM">NBCNews</a>
through Associated Press, in the <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-484162/Saddam-asked-Bush-1bn-exile.html#ixzz4E4D5OLqB">Daily
Mail</a>, and <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/26/AR2007092602414.html">Washington
Post</a>, reporting offers from Saddam Hussein to leave Iraq before the
invasion began either weeks before the date of the invasion or within days of
the beginning of hostilities. This is followed by a demand issued by George
Bush that Saddam and his sons leave within 48 hours before the scheduled
invasion. A <a href="https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/03/20030317-7.html">letter
</a>to this effect was issued from the White House and remains online today. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">If Saddam
was willing to leave and be paid to do so we should have let him or just left
him alone. One Billion dollars is much less than we are in the hole for
today. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">War is
expensive in every way imaginable. Paying Saddam to leave struck me as the
better choice. Then no war would be necessary and we could return to focusing
on our own country and the many problems confronting us. Then, I trusted
the good judgement of those in government to see this. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Saddam
Hussein would leave, being paid as he exited. But I also expected an
announcement which never came. This was an investigation of Bill and Hillary
Clinton for entering into a dialog with Saddam the previous November and
telling him no invasion was seriously planned. It was clear we were getting
ready for war – why would the Clintons lie?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">I saw the
correspondence between Saddam and the Clintons only partially, but these
included one or two of the ongoing emails between traveling from Sidney
Blumenthal, to his son Max, and then to Uday Hussein. I was told by the person
who had hacked Blumenthal's computer the previous summer that Saddam was
negotiating through this backdoor so he could leave Iraq and be paid for doing
so. The hacker was my daughter. I found out when she forwarded me a draft
chapter of the book Blumenthal was then writing. I advised her to stop -
but she felt justified because Blumenthal had done the same to her
earlier. To told her to stop sending me his correspondence and the draft
chapters of Sidney's book, "Clinton's War." <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">As for
Saddam, leaving sounded like his best option. But why would the Clintons
tell him no invasion was imminent? You could tell it was going to happen. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">As soon as
I had realized what was happening, that shocking day in November, 2002, I
informed someone well known to me at the CIA expecting any necessary action
would be taken. The Clintons with Blumenthal, I believed, were acting without
the knowledge of the White House. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Now, it
appeared I had been very mistaken in trusting anyone within the U.S.
Government. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It now
appears this unexpected breech in a confidential back door had revealed
information already well known to the Bush Administration. The assurances
delivered by the Clinton via the Blumenthals, father and son, were orchestrated
to lull Saddam into believing a deal had been cut, apparently. The only problem
was the existence of a few people who had blundered into the scene playing out.
That would be myself, the hacker-daughter, and two other people we had trusted
with the information. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Now, we
know the Bushes and Clintons were friendly after the end of the Clinton
Administration. Hillary was receiving generous donations from Bush's
'Associates,' If Saddam thought they had the power to negotiate he
probably had reasons for believing this was authorized. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The
stories about Saddam leaving and being paid were cover to stall any statement
by Saddam, inconvenient to the Bush Administration and overwhelm any possible
action on his part before the invasion began. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">This is why these four additional names are included. If they
helped Bush they are also guilty.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #801900;">November 13, 2002</span></strong><strong> -</strong> Iraq delivers
a letter to U.N. Secretary General <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/27/world/africa/kofi-annan-fast-facts/index.html">Kofi Annan</a>, accepting
the terms set forth in resolution 1441. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #801900;">November 27, 2002</span></strong><strong> -</strong> Inspections
resume in Iraq. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><span style="color: #990000;">December 7, 2002</span></strong><strong> -</strong> Iraq submits
a 12,000 page report on its WMD programs. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>January 16, 2003 - </strong>Inspectors discover 12 chemical warheads, 11 of
them empty, at the Ukhaider ammunition storage area. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>January 20, 2003 - </strong>After two days of negotiation, Hans Blix, <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/03/world/meast/mohamed-elbaradei-fast-facts/index.html">Mohamed
ElBaradei</a>, and Iraqi officials reach an agreement about Iraqi cooperation and
concessions regarding the inspections. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>February 5, 2003 -</strong> <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2013/08/20/us/colin-powell-fast-facts/index.html">Secretary of
State Colin Powell</a> briefs the U.N. Security Council on inspections.
He presents evidence that the United States says proves Iraq has misled inspectors
and hid proscribed weapons and equipment. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>February 14, 2003 -</strong> Blix and ElBaradei brief the U.N. Security
Council. Blix reports that the inspectors have not yet found any weapons of
mass destruction in Iraq. Blix also reports that Iraq is in violation of U.N.
resolutions concerning its al Samoud 2 missile program. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>February 19, 2003 - </strong>Inspectors visit the Ibn al Haytham factory
northwest of Baghdad and tag 32 al Samoud II missiles. CNN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>February 27, 2003 -</strong> Iraq agrees to destroy the country's al Samoud
II missile stock. However, the letter doesn't specify a date that the missile
destruction will begin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>March 10, 2003 -</strong> It is
revealed that Iraq possesses drone aircraft that could have been used to launch
a chemical or biological attack against other countries. The plane has a
wingspan of 24 feet five inches, which suggests that it could fly further than
150km/93 miles, which is the limit imposed by U.N. resolutions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><span style="color: #801900;">March 16, 2003</span></b> – Dick Cheney publicly states, “And we believe he has, in fact,
reconstituted nuclear weapons.”
Statement made just three days before the invasion.<strong><o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>March 18, 2003 -</strong> Inspectors withdraw from Iraq.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>March 20, 2003</b> – Bush
announces the start of a war against Iraq. Allied forces begin the campaign
with strikes on military targets, including an attempt to kill Saddam Hussein. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>April 9, 2003</b> - Saddam
Hussein's rule collapses in a matter of hours as much of Baghdad comes under
American control. Across much of the capital, Iraqis take to the streets to
topple statues of Mr. Hussein, loot government ministries and interrogation
centers, and give a cheering, often tearful welcome to advancing American
troops. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="TableContents" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Published: Wednesday May 2, 2007<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://rawstory.com/news/2007/Hours_after_911_attacks_Rumsfeld_allegedly_0502.html"><b><span style="color: black;">Hours after 9/11
attacks, Rumsfeld allegedly said, 'My interest is to hit Saddam'</span></b>
</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="TableContents">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://rawstory.com/"><strong><span style="color: red; text-decoration-line: none;">RAW STORY</span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“According to NBC's chief Pentagon correspondent,
former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld said that his "interest is to hit
Saddam Hussein" just hours after the attacks on September 11, 2001,
"even though all indications pointed at al-Qaida as the guilty
party," a Rhode Island newspaper reports.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">At the annual Business Expo at the Rhode Island Convention Center
Tuesday, NBC's Jim Miklaszewski "advanced a theme garnering attention
since former CIA director George J. Tenet made his public revelations last
week," writes Tom Mooney for the <i>Providence
Journal</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"Some things are right on the mark, when he says the Bush
administration appeared predisposed to attack Iraq," Miklaszewski says of
Tenet's book <i>At the Center of the Storm</i>.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Quote from Dick Cheney from <a href="http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/cheney_dick/">RightWeb </a> -<i> “During the lead up to the invasion of
Iraq, for example, he said that there was “no doubt” that the Saddam Hussein
regime had “weapons of mass destruction” and predicted that Iraqis would greet
U.S. troops as “liberators.” In 2005, Cheney insisted that the Iraqi insurgency
was in its final stages. Faced with criticism for his mistaken views, Cheney
has been unrepentant, arguing in July 2014: “I look back on it now, [the
invasion of Iraq] was absolutely the right thing to do.”</i><a href="http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/cheney_dick/#_edn1"><i>[1]</i></a><i>” </i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/letter-from-washington">Letter from
Washington</a> <a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2004/02/16">February 16, 2004 Issue </a><o:p></o:p></span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2004/02/16/contract-sport"><b>Contract
Sport</b></a><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>What did the Vice-President do for Halliburton?</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">By Jane Mayer <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The list of cronies and how they used war for their own benefit is
frightening. The asserted, self-serving
meme that America is, according to daughter, Elizabeth Cheney, <i>“We know that
America is the exceptional nation, and that there is no substitute for American
leadership around the world.”</i><a href="http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/cheney_dick/#_edn4"><i>[4]</i></a><i> </i>is a chilling reminder of the constructed reality these people have built,
which allows them to ignore the swimming pools of blood draining from their
victims. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">As the Invasion forces from
America left, for what proved to be a temporary hiatus, the oil companies who
had signed on with Cheney before 9/11 remained to steal the natural resource of
this devestated nation. Aljezeera - <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2011/12/2011122813134071641.html">Western oil
firms remain as US exits Iraq</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-23766485256539332912017-05-10T10:52:00.000-07:002017-05-10T10:52:27.899-07:00Huge Win in Senate: Oil and Gas Industry's Attempt to Gut Methane Rules Fails<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/senate-vote-methane-rule-2401565593.html">EcoWatch</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">by EarthJustice </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In a win Wednesday for oil and gas-patch communities and taxpayers, a procedural vote <a href="http://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/332721-senate-rejects-repeal-of-obama-drilling-rule" style="color: #529546; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">failed</a> in the Senate, preventing a Congressional Review Act resolution from nullifying the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) Methane Waste Rule. The vote to proceed to debate on the resolution failed, 49–51. This rule is a common sense standard to limit wasteful methane pollution from <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/fracking" style="color: #529546; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">oil and gas operations</a> on <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/public-lands" style="color: #529546; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">public lands</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Congressional Review Act is a controversial and anti-democratic tactic that anti-environmental extremists in Congress attempted to use to push this pro-polluter agenda item forward.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"Just when we thought all hope was lost, common sense prevailed today in the United States Congress," Jessica Ennis, <a href="http://earthjustice.org/" style="color: #529546; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">Earthjustice</a> senior legislative representative, said.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">"By preserving this win-win rule that protects public health and saves taxpayers money at the same time, Congress is managing to slowly rebuild its credibility as an institution that can serve as a check against powerful corporate interests." <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/senate-vote-methane-rule-2401565593.html">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-83037319838127230222017-04-22T13:17:00.000-07:002017-04-22T13:17:03.998-07:00Carbon Footprint of Canada's Oil Sands Is Larger Than Thought<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04042017/tar-sands-greenhouse-gas-emissions-climate-change-keystone-xl-pipeline-donald-trump-enbridge">Inside Climate News </a></span><br />
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<a class="author-bg" href="https://insideclimatenews.org/author/john-h-cushman-jr" style="background-color: transparent; background-image: url("https://insideclimatenews.org/sites/default/files/styles/square_cropped_100/public/JackCushman.jpg?itok=XeEFN-HL"); background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover; border-radius: 50%; box-sizing: inherit; color: #83be44; display: block; height: 50px; overflow: hidden; text-decoration-line: none; text-indent: 100%; white-space: nowrap; width: 50px;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">John H. Cushman Jr.</span></a></div>
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<a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/author/john-h-cushman-jr" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: black; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit;">BY </span>JOHN H. CUSHMAN JR.</span></a></h4>
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<span style="color: #6c6c6c; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">New climate change evidence from recent government studies could affect the coming legal fight over President Trump’s revived permit for the Keystone XL pipeline.</span></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyE9C4XRxmy_MR3YUUKhXqldOHrOukgho86ul6T6GgH9BefIf0pJQM6vU8UuZlIJ1XeyYktIN2HXFTyLzQ0VIOGPZl1TYJiu9I69hwDwu-PfpVcJ9iDFBCbYjtFg0XNVDQtW0qPCIeqlc/s1600/KeystonepipeGettyImages+co2+article+Inside+Climate+News.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyE9C4XRxmy_MR3YUUKhXqldOHrOukgho86ul6T6GgH9BefIf0pJQM6vU8UuZlIJ1XeyYktIN2HXFTyLzQ0VIOGPZl1TYJiu9I69hwDwu-PfpVcJ9iDFBCbYjtFg0XNVDQtW0qPCIeqlc/s640/KeystonepipeGettyImages+co2+article+Inside+Climate+News.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Unused pipe for the Keystone XL pipeline sits in a lot. Recent government studies of a different tar sands pipeline have found that the project's greenhouse gas emissions may be as much as 20 percent higher than previous estimates. Credit: Andrew Burton/Getty Images</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/donald-trump" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #83be44; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Donald Trump</a> administration approved the <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/tags/keystone-xl-pipeline" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #83be44; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Keystone XL pipeline</a>knowing the tar sands crude oil it would deliver from Canada is even more polluting than the Obama administration thought when it <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06112015/keystone-xl-pipeline-obama-transcanada-climate-change" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #83be44; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">turned the project down</a> in 2015.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Recent government studies of a different tar sands pipeline found that the project's greenhouse gas emissions "may be five to 20 percent higher than previously indicated," the State Department noted on March 23 in its <a href="https://keystonepipeline-xl.state.gov/documents/organization/269323.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: inherit; color: #83be44; font-weight: bold; text-decoration-line: none;">decision approving the Keystone XL permit</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Because both projects would carry tar sands crude, that suggests a similar understatement of emissions in the detailed but dated environmental review of the Keystone XL, which the Trump administration does not want to revisit. The final environmental assessment of the TransCanada project was published in January 2014. <a href="https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04042017/tar-sands-greenhouse-gas-emissions-climate-change-keystone-xl-pipeline-donald-trump-enbridge">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-2584812329645618032017-04-20T16:16:00.005-07:002017-04-20T16:16:36.019-07:00Questions remain after huge hydrofluoric acid leak<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/questions-remain-after-huge-hydrofluoric-acid-leak/5611.article">Chemistry World </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span class="author" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #858585; letter-spacing: 1.264px; text-size-adjust: 100%; text-transform: uppercase;">BY <span class="noLink" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: black; text-size-adjust: 100%;">NED STAFFORD -</span></span><span class="date" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #858585; letter-spacing: 1.264px; text-size-adjust: 100%; text-transform: uppercase;"> NOVEMBER 2012</span></span></div>
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<b>Korean residents in the affected zone are still afraid to return home six weeks after the disaster that killed five workers</b></div>
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More than six weeks after eight tonnes of hydrofluoric acid was accidentally released at a chemical plant in South Korea, many of the thousands of local residents who fled the area at the time have reportedly not yet returned to their homes despite assurances from authorities that the area is now safe.</div>
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The highly toxic hydrofluoric acid was released on 27 September at the Hube Global chemical plant in Gumi, about 200km from Seoul. The leak killed five workers at the plant and severely injured at least 18 others, including workers and emergency personnel. The plant is reportedly still idle after the accident with no date yet set for resuming operations.</div>
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Hydrofluoric acid is used to produce chemical precursors for the pharmaceutical industry and has other industrial applications. Highly corrosive and an acute poison, exposure can cause death and serious damage to the skin, lungs, heart, bones and nervous system. <a href="https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/questions-remain-after-huge-hydrofluoric-acid-leak/5611.article">MORE</a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-8025997244903982802017-04-20T12:02:00.004-07:002017-04-20T12:02:50.783-07:00Regulation Freedom Update<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">By a 2-1 Margin of 27-13 the Kansas Senate on March 30 passed Majority Leader Jim Denning's Resolution, HCR 5003, urging Congress to propose the Regulation Freedom Amendment to require that Congress approve major new federal regulations.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">The Resolution's support includes:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Chamber..United for Business</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Automobile Dealers Association</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Bankers Association</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Building Industry Association</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Farm Bureau (KGFA))</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Grain and Feed Association</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Cooperative Council (KCC)</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Kansas Agribusiness Retailers Association (KARA)</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">The KS House voted 93-29 on </span><span class="aBn" data-term="goog_428097116" style="background-color: white; border-bottom: 1px dashed rgb(204, 204, 204); color: #222222; position: relative; top: -2px; z-index: 0;" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ" style="position: relative; top: 2px; z-index: -1;">Feb. 15</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"> for the same Resolution sponsored by Rep. Steven Johnson.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">23 Legislative Chambers have now passed Resolutions urging Congress to propose the Regulation Freedom Amendment.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Just as states helped force Congress to propose the Bill of Rights, pressure from the states could help force Congress to permanently curb federal regulators and preserve the regulatory reforms of the current Administration.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">As we search for issues that can unite supporters of limited government, the cause of permanently ending "regulation without representation" could be one of the decisive issues of 2018.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">If you or someone you know would like to learn more, please contact me.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Roman Buhler</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Director</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">The Madison Coalition</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><a href="tel:202%20255%205000" style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc;" value="+12022555000">202 255 5000</a><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222;" /><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.RegulationFreedom.Org&source=gmail&ust=1492801001087000&usg=AFQjCNFnomqhh-Qj_V6eIO_yzBW5WLLVXA" href="http://www.regulationfreedom.org/" rel="noreferrer" style="background-color: white; color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">www.RegulationFreedom.Org</a></span></div>
Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-27234871935559583222017-04-19T17:38:00.005-07:002017-04-19T17:38:54.963-07:00Toxic acid poses an unnecessary health risk to more than a million in the Greater New Orleans region<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
From: <a href="http://thelensnola.org/2011/02/24/refinery-hf-alternative/">The Lens </a><br />
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By Ariella Cohen, The Lens staff writer |</div>
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The accidents unfold with eerie similarity: an unexpected explosion, a stubborn blaze, workers coughing and rubbing damaged eyes, a thick, ash-colored cloud of toxins racing away from the burning refinery.</div>
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On July 19, 2009, when a refinery in Corpus Christi, Texas, lit up, a worker was critically hurt and the fire burned for two days. On Nov. 24, 1987, an explosion at an ExxonMobil refinery in Torrance, Calif., shot a fireball 1,500 feet into the air, blasted the windows out of nearby houses and generated allegations of broken eardrums, back pain and lung damage.</div>
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The common denominator in both explosions was a toxic chemical many Louisiana residents have never heard of, though more than 3.7 million people across the state are at risk if a similar explosion happens here, according to company filings submitted to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. <a href="http://thelensnola.org/2011/02/24/refinery-hf-alternative/">MORE</a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-72531020616137161672017-03-25T11:17:00.002-07:002018-09-21T11:21:58.798-07:00In 1959 Dad took me to hear something he thought was important.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<em style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">He was right. Dr. Arthur F. Pillsbury, my father, was a life-long Conservative who understood the problems we still face today with pollution, water, air and land. Dad was named to the first EPA in 1969.</span></em></div>
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<em style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><a href="https://www.jfklibrary.org/Research/Research-Aids/JFK-Speeches/University-of-California-Los-Angeles_19591102.aspx" target="_blank">JFK Research Library</a></span></em></div>
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<em style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">This is a transcription of this speech made for the convenience of readers and researchers. A copy of the text of this speech exists in the Senate Speech file of the John F. Kennedy Pre-Presidential Papers here at the John F. Kennedy Library.</span></em></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">No change in a fast-changing world presents a greater challenge 2– no problem in a world full of problems calls for greater leadership and vision – than the control of nuclear weapons, the utter destruction which would result from their use in war, and the radioactive pollution of our atmosphere by their continued testing in peace-time.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It is not a simple problem with simple answers. The experts disagree – the evidence is in conflict – the obstacles to an international solution are large and many. But the issue of nuclear tests and their effects is one which should be discussed in the coming months – not as a purely partisan matter, but as one of the great issues on the American scene.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">It was well, therefore, that this issue was raised last Sunday in a constructive way by the Governor of New York. His statement contributed to the dialogue on this basic issue – it represented the position of a leading figure in the Republican Party – and he did not attempt to evade the question. So I commend Governor Rockefeller for stating his views, and I hope they will be considered and debated by interested citizens everywhere.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">But I must also express my own emphatic disagreement with his statement, which called for this country to resume nuclear test explosions. Such a proposal, it seems to me, is unwise when it is suggested just prior to the reopening of negotiations with the British and Russians at Geneva on this very question. It is damaging to the American image abroad at a time when the Russians have unilaterally suspended their testing and the peoples of the world are fearful of continued fall-out. And, while Mr. Rockefeller did suggest that the testing take place underground to prevent fall-out, he also – according to press reports – “discounted” the harmful effects of fall-out – which I am unwilling to do.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">While many competent scientists agree that there has been no great harm done to mankind as a whole from the amount of radiation created by bomb tests so far, it is also true that there is no amount of radiation so small that it has no ill effects at all on anybody. There is actually no such thing as a minimum permissible dose. Perhaps we are talking about only a very small number of individual tragedies – the number of atomic age children with cancer, the new victims of leukemia, the damage to skin tissues here and reproductive systems there – perhaps these are too small to measure with statistics. But they nevertheless loom very large indeed in human and moral terms. Moreover, there is still much that we do not know – and too often in the past we have minimized these perils and shrugged aside these dangers, only to find that our estimates were faulty and the real dangers were worse than we knew.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Let us remember also that our resumption of tests would bring Russian resumption of tests – it would make negotiations even more strained – it would spur other nations seeking entry into the “atomic club”, with their own tests polluting the atmosphere – and, in short, it could precede the kind of long, feverish testing period which all scientists agree would threaten the very existence of man himself. And, perhaps even more importantly the ability of other nations to test, develop and stockpile atomic weapons will alter drastically the whole balance of power, and put us all at the mercy of inadvertent, irresponsible or deliberate atomic attacks from many corners of the globe. This problem – called the nth country problem, because we do not know how many nations may soon possess these weapons – is at the real heart of the Geneva negotiations. For once China, or France, or Sweden, or half a dozen other nations successfully test an atomic bomb, then the security of both Russians and Americans is dangerously weakened.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The arguments advanced in favor of a test resumption are not unreasonable. The emphasis is on weapons development – the necessity to move ahead “in the advanced techniques of the use of nuclear material.” This reason is not to be dismissed lightly. Our basic posture in world affairs relies on technical military superiority. We need to develop small tactical nuclear weapons and so-called “clean” nuclear weapons, in order to deter their use or other forms of limited aggression by the enemy, and in order to facilitate a decision to respond in good conscience with atomic weapons when necessary. We need to increase the flexibility and range of weapons in our arsenal in order to increase the flexibility and range of diplomatic possibilities. This is not, I might add, justification for cutting back our ground forces and our ability to wage conventional warfare – but it is nevertheless important. Certainly the destruction rained upon us all by a small nuclear battle – and this our weapons development program is intended to deter – would be many times the damage caused by all the test fall-out in the future. But such a weapons development program cannot be suspended indefinitely in a free country without our scientists and technicians scattering to other positions in other laboratories. In addition, France and other nations on the verge of becoming nuclear powers will resent a ban – and their goodwill is also important.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">But it is even more important that we find a way out the present menacing military situation. And let us remember that our present test suspension is implicitly conditional on a continued Russian test suspension. If we are not developing new weapons in the absence of tests, so, in all probability, will they. And the facts of the matter are that, generally speaking, we are ahead of the Russians in the development of atomic warheads of all sizes but behind in the development of delivery systems. Until this lag can be overcome, there is a lesser value for us in testing and developing further “techniques in the use of nuclear material.” In short, for both sides to resume atomic tests today might well turn out to be more of a disadvantage to the West militarily than a help. The Soviet Union – which apparently made great progress in it 1958 tests – is quite as likely as we in any new tests to score a break-through with some new means of destruction which will make all the more delicate the present balance of terror.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">I would suggest, therefore, the following alternative position:</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1. First, that the United State announce that it will continue its unilateral suspension of all nuclear tests as long as serious negotiations for a permanent ban with enforceable inspections are proceeding with tangibly demonstrated good faith, provided that the Russians do not meanwhile resume their own tests. The latest extension of our test suspension announcement expires on December 31 – and we cannot take the chance of continuing it indefinitely without an inspection system – or afford the cost of extending a temporary suspension so long that our scientists disperse and our laboratories break down. But neither can we afford to undercut negotiations close to success – to resume polluting the atmosphere while the Russians pose as moral leaders. As long as serious, good faith negotiations continue into the early month of 1960 – and are not prolonged indefinitely beyond that – we must continue our suspension beyond December 31.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2. Secondly, the United States must redouble its efforts to achieve a comprehensive and effective agreement to ban all nuclear tests under international control and inspection – and this means developing a single, clear-cut, well 2– defined, realistic inspection proposal of our own. We do not have this today. We have not made as concentrated and effort on techniques for preserving mankind as we have on techniques of destruction. Nor do we have a clear, concrete policy for the general arms control of disarmament program which must necessarily follow an agreement on testing if it is to be meaningful. But the whole international climate could benefit from this demonstration that East and West can reach significant, enforceable agreements. At least a part of the burdensome arms race would come to a halt. The danger of new nuclear powers emerging would be lessened. For the first time the Russians would have accepted effective international controls operating within their own territory. The hazards of health would be over. Such an agreement, in short even if not perfect – even, for example, if it looks to further modification regarding inspection systems for underground or outer-space tests – would nevertheless be worth far more effort than we are presently exerting. And it would be far more valuable than the military benefits to be gained from test resumption.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3. Third – if our best efforts do not succeed, the negotiations collapse, the Russians resume testing and it becomes necessary for our test to resume, even then they should be confined to underground and outer-space explosions, and to the testing of only certain small weapons in the upper atmosphere, in order to prevent a further increase in the fall-out menace – and in hope, moreover, that the Russians and others will be forced by world opinion to follow our example.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">4. Fourth and finally, we must step up our studies of the impact of radioactive fall-out and how to control it, through the Public Health Service here at home and a special United Nations monitoring commission abroad. Let us not discover the precise point of danger after we have passed it. Let us not again reject these warnings peril as “catastrophic nonsense” (to quote Mr. Nixon), as they were rejected in 1956 when put forward by a great Democratic standard-bearer, Adlai E. Stevenson. There is every indication that had a test ban been accomplished then, it would have been far more useful, far more easily accomplished and far more beneficial to our national security than it would today, now that the missile gap had widened so far.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">These four policy positions that I have stated are no magic solution – nor can they be achieved overnight without effort. The course which I am suggesting is full or risks. It will require more effort, more leadership, more moral courage than merely “running scared.” But the new and terrible dangers which man has created can only be controlled by man. And if we can master this danger and meet this challenge, we will have earned the deep and lasting gratitude, not only of all men, but of all yet to be born – even to the farthest generation.</span></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-24499072434904368392017-03-24T09:48:00.001-07:002017-03-24T10:19:00.665-07:00Why Fake News Spreads: A Neurological Explanation<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://www.defenseone.com/technology/2017/03/why-fake-news-spreads-neurological-explanation/136417/.WNVFgOWJxiY.email">Defense One </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"> BY PATRICK TUCKER
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Understanding our neurological superpowers and social pain. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAObPMCc-9uc82XmxQ2xZWrRI6nyb4HynJayrb70V8IqEKwnGO-VwYs1nSAdA6ZWmYOQSe29O9tNJ-jqldcWWg59FI9JGzecIcdF7117ot-Tf_mfIAeSQXCfzNFjvC6SPl1bE8hnb22Bc/s1600/defense-large.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" height="292" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAObPMCc-9uc82XmxQ2xZWrRI6nyb4HynJayrb70V8IqEKwnGO-VwYs1nSAdA6ZWmYOQSe29O9tNJ-jqldcWWg59FI9JGzecIcdF7117ot-Tf_mfIAeSQXCfzNFjvC6SPl1bE8hnb22Bc/s640/defense-large.png" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong>If efforts by foreign powers to </strong><a href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/white-house/article139695453.html" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background: transparent; color: #b39602; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">influence American society via disinformation</a> — like the “fake news” that spread during last year’s presidential election — are <a href="http://www.defenseone.com/ideas/2017/01/weaponized-narrative-new-battlespace/134284/?oref=d1-in-article" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); background: transparent; color: #b39602; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">rising as a national-security concern</a>, then we need to know why such antics work. How does an adversarial government go about persuading an entire population that something is true, or that one truth is more important or relevant than another? </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Recent research into the roots of persuasion in the brain yields some important clues about how people are convinced to propagate news that is not true or poorly sourced. Bottom line: fake news appeals directly to the portions of the brain associated with social acceptance. Activity from those regions has a bigger effect on decision-making than logical argument — like some snobby East Coast news outlet trying to tell you “true” things.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">If you haven’t heard of the social brain or the role that it may play in deciding what to news to believe, you’re not alone. We associate most high-level decision making with the very front of the brain, the prefrontal cortex. You could be forgiven for thinking that prefrontal cortex would be the part of the brain we would use to evaluate the authenticity or accuracy of a big national news story. <a href="http://www.defenseone.com/technology/2017/03/why-fake-news-spreads-neurological-explanation/136417/.WNVFgOWJxiY.email">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-40173002407398536992017-03-21T15:36:00.000-07:002017-03-21T15:36:02.480-07:00'Extreme and unusual' climate trends continue after record 2016<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: BBC News<a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-39329304"> <span style="color: #1167a8;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.298039); background-color: white; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-style: initial; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; outline: -webkit-focus-ring-color auto 5px;">Science & Environment</span></span></a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">NOTE: There are two camps on this issue. It is clear changes are taking place. The question is what is causing these to happen. The dominant opinion expressed by the Environmental Movement is the changes are caused entirely by humanity. The second is that the present changes are normal and not caused by any one factor. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">But there is an alternative opinion. This is that the change is caused partly by humanity and the use of petroleum and other technologies but that other factors driving change includes the </span><span style="background-color: white; color: red; font-size: medium; text-align: -webkit-center;">Climate Change - Milankovitch Theory - Eccentricity Cycle<a href="http://apollo.lsc.vsc.edu/classes/met130/notes/chapter16/mil_cycles.html">http://apollo.lsc.vsc.edu/classes/met130/notes/chapter16/mil_cycles.html</a></span><br />
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It appears to many now that the petroleum industry knew they needed to deflect attention away from the impact of petroleum on people and property because these were provable and, if documented, would result in successful liability lawsuits. Therefore, they began strenuously denying petroleum was causing climate change knowing they could cite the Milankovitch Theory, which is gaining increased support academically, if called into court.<br />
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21 March 2017</div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In the atmosphere, the seas and around the poles, climate change is reaching disturbing new levels across the Earth.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">That's according to a <a class="story-body__link-external" href="https://public.wmo.int/en/media/press-release" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(17, 103, 168, 0.298039); border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; color: #222222; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">detailed global analysis</a> from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It says that 2016 was not only the warmest year on record, but it saw atmospheric CO2 rise to a new high, while Arctic sea ice recorded a new winter low.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The "extreme and unusual" conditions have continued in 2017, it says. <a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-39329304">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-80416402092859702262017-02-12T18:47:00.000-08:002017-02-12T18:47:03.013-08:00Southern California Gas to pay $8.5 million to settle lawsuit over Aliso Canyon leak<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-gas-leak-settlement-20170208-story.html">LA Times </a></span><br />
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<span class="trb_ar_by_nm_pm" style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><span class="trb_ar_by_nm_au" data-byline-withoutby="" style="font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">by Tony Barboza<br />February 8, 2017</span></span></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A tarp covers the well where the 2015 gas leak occurred at the Aliso Canyon storage facility near L.A.'s Porter Ranch neighborhood. (Jae C. Hong / Associated Press)</td></tr>
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Southern California Gas Co. will pay $8.5 million to settle a lawsuit filed by air quality regulators over the Aliso Canyon gas leak and will fund a study of community health effects. </div>
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The settlement with the South Coast Air Quality Management District, announced Wednesday, resolves a dispute over the months-long leak of methane from the gas company’s Aliso Canyon storage facility above the Porter Ranch neighborhood of Los Angeles.</div>
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The facility has been shut down since a well blowout in late October 2015 resulted in the worst methane leak in U.S. history. The invisible gas spewed for nearly four months, causing 8,000 residents to flee their homes, many complaining of headaches, nosebleeds and nausea. <a href="http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-gas-leak-settlement-20170208-story.html">MORE</a></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-64855651041672030702017-02-12T18:38:00.002-08:002017-02-12T18:38:07.088-08:00Chevron Continues in Canada<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/39388-ecuadoreans-legal-fight-against-chevron-continues-in-canada">Truth Out </a></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #999999; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 11px;">Sunday, February 12, 2017</span><span class="itemAuthor" style="background-color: white; color: #9c162e; display: block; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">By <a href="http://www.truth-out.org/author/itemlist/user/48819" style="color: #9c162e; outline: none; text-decoration: none;">Joe Emersberger</a>, <a href="http://www.telesurtv.net/english/opinion/Ecuadoreans-Legal-Fight-Against-Chevron-Continues-in-Canada-20170202-0028.html?utm_source=planisys&utm_medium=NewsletterIngles&utm_campaign=NewsletterIngles&utm_content=34" style="color: #9c162e; outline: none; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">teleSUR</a> | Interview</span></span><span class="itemAuthor" style="background-color: white; color: #9c162e; display: block; font-size: 13px; font-style: italic; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In 1993, US lawyer Steven Donziger and others filed a lawsuit in New York against Texaco on behalf of Indigenous nationalities and campesino communities in Ecuador's Amazon whose land and water had been thoroughly contaminated over a 26-year period.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From 1964-1990, Texaco ran all drilling, waste disposal, and pipeline operations in the region and admitted it had dumped 16 billion gallons of oil waste into rivers and streams relied on by local inhabitants for their drinking water, bathing, and fishing. The damage has been called the "Amazon Chernobyl" by locals and is considered by some experts to be the worst oil-related environmental disaster on the planet and credibly linked to unusually high cancer rates in the area.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Texaco spent almost 10 years fighting to get the lawsuit moved to Ecuador's courts, which it praised in numerous sworn affidavits. In 2001, Chevron (which had just merged with Texaco) won that battle and agreed to abide by any judgment issued in Ecuador, subject only to narrow enforcement defenses. <a href="http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/39388-ecuadoreans-legal-fight-against-chevron-continues-in-canada">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-29984379440270917922017-01-09T08:51:00.001-08:002017-01-09T08:51:36.729-08:00Should House Impeach Trump If He Launches Unconstitutional Wars?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">From: <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/JusticeIntegrityProject/~3/_zplBCOKieA/1186-should-house-impeach-trump-if-he-launches-unconstitutional-wars?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">Justice Integrity Project </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">by Andrew Kreig</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Posted: 09 Jan 2017 02:26 AM PST</span></div>
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U.S. House members should pledge to impeach the incoming President Trump if he starts any new wars in office without first comply with the U.S. Constitution’s requirement of a congressional declaration of war, according a non-partisan civic group that announced its plan last week.</div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="border-image: initial; color: #1155cc;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.committeefortherepublic.us/&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNFaAij41Yp1OI8V1YLTSCCrF0feXQ" href="http://www.committeefortherepublic.us/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank"><img alt="Charles W. "Chas" Freeman" class="CToWUd" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEjA2JtG40_DuF1THpCFeBtcLRwFh6aEyIPEMzqe_X9yNduFIOiEmZ529I76UMAOtRm4DO-RBdt-nYpslJGdtLyXMG1wDyhpgEW57CCocoZur3FlmeoTUjYCoZarexZDKGthX6OXJO7LVeo28ENiwTP6GS7na0ysy3s=s0-d-e1-ft" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); float: right; margin: 10px; text-align: justify;" width="120" /></a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.committeefortherepublic.us/&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNFaAij41Yp1OI8V1YLTSCCrF0feXQ" href="http://www.committeefortherepublic.us/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Committee for the Republic</a> leaders identified Virginia, Ohio and Iowa as the first three states where organizers plan to rally public opinion behind a pledge by their representatives to impeach if the Executive Branch launches new "wars," which would be narrowly defined to include covert advisors and major arms supply creating new conflicts defined as war.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“Thirteen years ago,” said former U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia Charles “Chas” Freeman, Jr. as he announced the grassroots campaign in Washington, DC on Jan. 5, “George W. Bush invaded Iraq without a congressional declaration of war.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“Our nation is now mired in nine ongoing presidential wars,” continued Freeman, the chairman and a co-founder of the committee in 2003. “They have cost nearly ten trillion dollars; starved our infrastructure; crippled our liberties; and multiplied and united our enemies.”</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><strong><img alt="Donald Trump button open mouth" class="CToWUd a6T" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEjDF2hfHLKiZVZfCVv_xCcHQQ9iRAdq68npe-xnWWRotKo5txmD6lWGhT599zJ59hGEx8JJiknt2wXNt7kqDEbmdrVP078lHTmEjEmW9smnmAnV-1DtHCnnanVtceHECe_rlaQezRoH4DlrEvNfVDt_wXd4Dw_KxIfNaurvQWYb2Y5L8reG46dNBeLbWAHLPwU-SrAf6lLFKg=s0-d-e1-ft" style="cursor: pointer; float: left; margin: 10px; outline: 0px; text-align: justify;" tabindex="0" width="158" /></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“They have also enabled,” said Freeman (shown in a file photo), “the growth of apparently limitless presidential power to play prosecutor, judge, jury, and executioner to kill any American the President decrees is an imminent national security danger based on secret, unsubstantiated evidence.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Speakers at the campaign launch at the Metropolitan Club, located a little more than a block from the White House, stressed that their initiative was not an attempt to thwart Trump (shown on a campaign button) but was intended instead to stop a long-term erosion of Constitutional checks-and-balances on Executive Branch power. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://chasfreeman.net/category/committee-for-the-republic/&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNFF5Cl_veVVkxHVpDckw5EYLIIIrA" href="http://chasfreeman.net/category/committee-for-the-republic/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Freeman</a>, whose three decades of defense and diplomacy posts included high-level positions under both Republicans and Democrats, was the first of committee board members voicing strong support. Most provided compelling personal biographical reasons about why they had reached such a momentous decision as to push for a <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.no_presidential_wars_pledge.pdf&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNFjRbwGmsGNMIYxF4MPSdTrwSKYog" href="http://www.no_presidential_wars_pledge.pdf/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">pledge</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The other speakers included constitutional law expert, attorney and former Reagan administration FCC counsel <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Fein&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNHW_WrDbHlU8Q_tQSEYoOkiqXJ4lw" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Fein" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Bruce Fein</a><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Fein;&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNGfziXRtXofHg34lCtkHR0wLHP3vw" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Fein;" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">;</a> Washington, DC Tea Party Founder <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/12/AR2011021203951.html&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNFEdh45o0S3_UBCENshHsDRcE4Mng" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/12/AR2011021203951.html" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Tom Whitmore</a><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/12/AR2011021203951.html;&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNG9pYmstxFEK9yYNkQk3emIwZf5jg" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/12/AR2011021203951.html;" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">;</a> and lawyer and former Reagan Administration Defense Department Assistant Secretary for Manpower <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delbert_Spurlock&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNGP-n6kZ7R8EUgnSobZEgWHflYqXg" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delbert_Spurlock" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Delbert Spurlock</a><a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delbert_Spurlock;&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNEvHq-5qT2oH7-6zA9nzhtbYdtlZQ" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delbert_Spurlock;" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">;</a> and investment adviser John Henry.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">U.S. Rep. <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=https://massie.house.gov/&source=gmail&ust=1484062742237000&usg=AFQjCNFhTu5zQDSRxg7ObXRVVONjcvcOCQ" href="https://massie.house.gov/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">Thomas Massie</a> (R-KY) also spoke passionately about a need for constituents to hold House members and for limits on Executive Power, including to declare war. But Massie said he would have to study the impeachment pledge for agreeing to it.U.S. House members should pledge to impeach the incoming President Trump if he starts any new wars without following the U.S. Constitution’s requirement of seeking a congressional declaration of war, according a non-partisan civic group that announced its plan last week.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Since 2003, the Committee for the Republic has held 130 conferences (termed "salons") said the group, whose board of directors is shown below.</span></div>
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<img alt="Committee for the Republic Board" class="CToWUd a6T" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/proxy/AVvXsEhV9GmtMCB09OvCd9O_CDkVFekqQjVUyu8kidlFaNCfmD-mWVxA7QcA22JGEctMWWthQvRQQ80fpx9-1poPfQKS4tCr5Nen8xkb28nwCJLmN4tHFRj-PzyiVc5IgMa3NbHbLSmtskg2_T2l53R3GE1RvucscjkgQy5lg1ijHLKtcetTgi43VzKkPPAPzWmQ=s0-d-e1-ft" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: 10px auto; outline: 0px; text-align: justify;" tabindex="0" width="730" /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">“The time for talk alone has expired,” the committee’s announcement said. “Unconstitutional wars continue to feed dysfunction in government and to corrode liberty in the United States. They turn children into orphans, wives into widows, husbands into widowers, and families into refugees, while provoking terrorist blowback.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The Committee's Board of Directors believes that patriotism demands making the Constitution in general and the warfare state in particular the battleground of national politics. It proposes to devote the Committee's January 5 salon to elaborating a proposal to do this and to encourage past and future participants in Committee activities to attend this salon and to contribute as best you can to realizing the resulting proposal.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">It is past time to restore a decent respect for the Constitution and the opinions of humankind to the conduct of US foreign relations.</span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-333437700824542140.post-11660227853304880842017-01-07T19:39:00.000-08:002017-11-09T17:00:13.430-08:00 Twitter Reddit Pinterest 1 COMMENT ... Home News Business Oil and gas refining Smelly chemical release from Torrance refinery lingers on minds of residents<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">From: <a href="http://www.dailybreeze.com/business/20170105/smelly-chemical-release-from-torrance-refinery-lingers-on-minds-of-residents">Daily Breeze </a></span><br />
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<figure style="margin: 0px 0px 11.326px; position: relative;"><figcaption style="font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: 11.326px; position: relative;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Torrance Refining Co. described the recent odor problem at the refinery as a minor mishap. File photo. (Stephen Carr/The Daily Breeze/SCNG) <span class="photographer" style="font-weight: normal; line-height: inherit; white-space: nowrap;"></span></span></figcaption></figure></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">By <a href="http://www.dailybreeze.com/business/20170105/smelly-chemical-release-from-torrance-refinery-lingers-on-minds-of-residents#author1" style="color: #5278ae; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; transition: 0.1s ease-out;">Sandy Mazza</a>, Daily Breeze</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">POSTED: <time datetime="" style="font-stretch: normal; line-height: 16.989px;">01/05/17, 8:45 PM PST</time> <span class="divider" style="color: #dddddd; margin: 0px 1em; padding: 0px 5px;">|</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">A <a href="http://www.dailybreeze.com/business/20170104/torrance-fire-officials-say-rotten-egg-smell-near-refinery-wasnt-dangerous" style="color: #5278ae; text-decoration: none; transition: 0.1s ease-out;" target="_blank">rotten-egg smell wafting from Torrance Refining Co</a>. refinery spread into nearby neighborhoods in such a high dose this week that several neighbors reported it to local and state officials, worried about the effects of noxious chemicals floating around their homes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">But fire officials cleared the area within an hour, and a refinery spokeswoman apologized and described it as a minor mishap. City officials simply noted the smelly incident in a Facebook post that stated there were no harmful air pollution readings taken in the area.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Still, community members remained alarmed Thursday about the refinery’s brief hazardous burp. <a href="http://www.dailybreeze.com/business/20170105/smelly-chemical-release-from-torrance-refinery-lingers-on-minds-of-residents">MORE</a></span></div>
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Melinda Pillsbury-Fosterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15407874300095337146noreply@blogger.com0